1. Communication
Words make-up for 7 % Vocal elements 38% Nonverbal elements 55% 93% of our communication is without words

2. One-way vs. Two-way Communications
Two-Way Communication - the communicator & receiver interact
Good for problem solving
One-Way Communication - a person sends a message to another person and no questions, feedback, or interaction follow
Good for giving simple directions
Fast but often less accurate than 2-way communication 10

3. Barriers to Communication
Communication Barriers -
factors that block or significantly distort successful communication
Physical separation
Status differences
Gender differences
Cultural diversity
Language 23 12 23

4. Nonverbal Communication:
The power of silence
In many daily interactions we do not have the privilege of knowing ahead of time what the other person’s context is. We do not know exactly how they feel? Or what they are trying to communicate?
But we may have some kind of idea based on nonverbal actions.
Understanding nonverbal communication is not always simple. The person you are trying to read may have other variables involved and assuming you can understand them can lead to frustration.
In order for us to best be able to communicate with people we need to understand what nonverbal communication is and how do we use it?
This will help you to become better communicators and feel more confident when interpreting nonverbal cues

5. Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication - all elements of communication that do not involve words
Five basic types
Proxemics
Kinesics
Haptics
Artifactual
Paralanguage 18

6. Use of space in a given situation
Proxemics
Use of space in a given situation
Intimate- 6 to 18 in.
Personal- 1 ½ to 3 ft.
Social- 3 to 5 ft.
Public- 10 or more feet
Depends on situation and relation between people
Example on the bus and with little kids

7. Proxemics: Seating Dynamics
Seating Dynamics - seating people in certain positions according to the person’s purpose in communication
Cooperation
X O X
Communication O
Competition X O
Non-
Communication
O X O 20

8. Kinesics Bodily movement Eye contact Facial expression
Posture and bearing
Gesture
Express emotion and feelings.
Seven universal body language expression (What do you think they are?): Happiness, Sadness, Boredom, Fear, Anger, Surprise and Disgust. During part of my cross-cultural travels, I have seen each of these non verbal expressions true and consistent.
Gestures- emblems (verbal translation) and illustrators (not)
Emblem- shaking head or nodding meaning yes or no (Can you think of any other?)
Illustrators- example of Ukraine
Gestures are very different in other cultures (head wobble, okay, thumbs up)

9. Haptics & Artifactuals
Haptics- sense of touch
Artifactual- artifacts made or manipulated
by other people
Haptics- Social/polite, Friendship/warmth, Love/intimacy (Hand shake)
Artifactual- hairstyles, clothing, jewelry, use of color, space decoration and design
Activity- handout (put names on paper/read instructions/do not expect you to remember all the technical terms already, but make sure you are make observations and be descriptive)
Discuss what they observed

10. Paralanguage
Variations in speech, such as pitch, loudness, tempo, tone, duration, laughing, & crying

11. Examples of Decoding Nonverbal Cues
He’s
unapproachable!
He’s angry! I’ll
stay out of his way!
Boss breathes heavily & waves arms
Boss fails to acknowledge employee’s greeting
My opinion
doesn’t count
I wonder what
he’s hiding?
No eye contact while communicating
Manager sighs deeply
SOURCE: Adapted from “Steps to Better Listening” by C. Hamilton and B. H. Kleiner. Copyright © February Reprinted with permission, Personnel Journal, all rights reserved. 21

12. Miscommunication
When your words do not match your nonverbal communication
Wrong choice of words
Speaking before thinking

13. Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kc2yRqat7q8

14. Leadership
I want you tonight to observe at least 2 different interactions or conversations between two or more people. Each observation needs to be at least 10 minutes long (the longer the better). You can observe your family, friends, or complete strangers. Record your observations (like you did with the video in class) on what types of nonverbal communications you observed, and what that might mean about the relationship or interaction. Make sure to log your observations by including: Who the interaction was between (man, woman, etc.)? When? Where? And how long? Come prepared tomorrow to discuss your observations
13.3
Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships.
13.3.1
Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships.
13.3.2
Demonstrate verbal and nonverbal behaviors and attitudes that contribute to effective communication.