VS.. DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c. 1690-c.1780) LEADERS FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S.

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VS.

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & the universe) GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Physical worldThe human world (society) GOAL VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGION WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGIONDid NOT see a divide b/t reason & faith WOMEN’S ROLE LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGIONDid NOT see a divide b/t reason & faith Ambivalent, even hostile, towards religion WOMEN’S ROLEExcluded from movement (quarelles des femmes) LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGIONDid NOT see a divide b/t reason & faith Ambivalent, even hostile, towards religion WOMEN’S ROLEExcluded from movement (quarelles des femmes) Played active role (sponsors & participants) LEGACY

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGIONDid NOT see a divide b/t reason & faith Ambivalent, even hostile, towards religion WOMEN’S ROLEExcluded from movement (quarelles des femmes) Played active role (sponsors & participants) LEGACYReplaced medieval reliance on authorities w/ scientific method; new cosmology

DIFFERENCESSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (c.1540-c.1690) THE ENLIGHTENMENT (c c.1780) LEADERS“Natural Philosophers”“Philosophes” FOCUS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The physical world (nature & universe) The human world (society) GOALApply reason to transform peoples’ understanding of the universe Apply reason to improve human society (progress) VIEW ON RELIGIONDid NOT see a divide b/t reason & faith Ambivalent, even hostile, towards religion WOMEN’S ROLEExcluded from movement (quarelles des femmes) Played active role (sponsors & participants) LEGACYReplaced medieval reliance on authorities w/ scientific method; new cosmology Created social sciences; advocated human rights & tolerance

SIMILARITIES: ► Belief in reason as the key to truth (rationalism) ► Profound secularism ► Belief in human progress (materially & intellectually) ► Use of scientific method ► Commitment to limited gov’t/human liberty ► Arrogance toward nature

Where were the philosophes ?