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The Age of Enlightenment

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Presentation on theme: "The Age of Enlightenment"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Age of Enlightenment

2 What was the Enlightenment?
Center: Paris, France Intellectual movement Explosion of ideas/writing about: Science Government Religion Society

3 The Enlightenment: Precursors
Renaissance Encourages secularism, criticism, belief in reason Protestant Reformation Questions authority of church Age of Exploration Exchange of ideas with other peoples

4 The Enlightenment: Concepts
Natural Laws Human behavior governed by laws of nature God does not direct all human behavior Reason Scientific method Truth is found through logical thought Progress Encouraged new ideas, inventions Valued innovation and creativity

5 The Enlightenment: Concepts
Criticism Every person, institution, and idea subject to criticism Skeptical of religion, superstition SCIENCE

6 The Philosophes Thinkers of the Enlightenment
People from all backgrounds: law, nobility, science, etc. Philosophe is simply the French word for philosopher approach a subject in a critical and inquiring spirit

7 The Big (French) Three Voltaire Freedom of thought Montesquieu
Checks and balances in government Rousseau Distrusted reason, society

8 The Encyclopedie Written 1751-1780 Edited by Denis Diderot
Banned by the Roman Catholic Church Covered many topics: Science Literature History Politics

9 The Salon Salon: French word for lounge, living room
Meeting place of philosophes Discuss politics, religion, philosophy Homes of influential women hostesses Madame Geoffrin

10 Government Thinkers differ in ideas about government
Voltaire, Montesquieu favor Britain Most believe in rights of man Right to representation Freedoms of speech, religion Many favor enlightened despotism

11 Enlightened Despotism
Monarch is in power, but…. He/she follows principles of Enlightenment: Freedom of speech, press, religion Examples: Frederick the Great – Prussia Catherine the Great – Russia

12 Impact of the Enlightenment
American Revolution, Constitution French Revolution Latin American Independence Movement United Nations – Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

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