Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One

Chapter 12 Wellness: The New Health Goal Wellness – Optimal health and vitality… –Living life to its fullest – Health – determined/influenced by factors beyond our control – Wellness – determined by conscious decisions we make The Dimensions of Wellness (a dynamic process of change and growth) –Physical –Emotional –Intellectual –Spiritual –Interpersonal and Social –Environmental or Planetary –Cultural –Financial –Occupational The nine dimensions of wellness interact continuously influencing and being influenced by one another.

The Wellness Continuum (Figure 1.1) Chapter 13

Examples of Dimensions of Wellness Physical –Eating well and exercising –Avoiding harmful habits and injuries –Practicing safer sex Emotional –Having optimism and trust –High self-esteem, self-acceptance, and self-confidence –Ability to accept one’s feelings and to share your own Intellectual –Having a sense of humor, creativity, and curiosity –Open to new ideas, ability to think critically, capacity to question things Interpersonal –Satisfying/supportive relationships, good support system of friends/family –Good communication skills and capacity for intimacy –Participating in and contributing to your community and to society Chapter 14

Examples of Dimensions of Wellness Cultural –How you interact with others who are different from you –Accepting, valuing, celebrating different cultural ways people interact Spiritual –Capacity to love and care for others –Have compassion, forgiveness, altruism, joy, and fulfillment –Have sense of meaning, purpose, and sense of belonging Environmental or Planetary –Reducing pollution and waste –Having abundant, clean natural resources Financial –Ability to live within your means and manage your money –Can balance your income/expenses, stay out of debt, save for the future –Understand your emotions about money Occupational –Enjoy your work, a connection with others, take advantage of opportunities to learn and be challenged Chapter 1 5

6 Ten Signs of Wellness Persistent presence Positive expectations Happy experiences Spiritual involvement Changing conditions Stress response Physical activity Communicate feelings Generosity Humor

Chapter 17 New Opportunities, New Responsibilities 1900’s versus Today Infectious disease –A disease that is communicable from one person to another… (small pox, malaria, pneumonia, TB, etc.) Chronic disease –A disease that develops and continues over a long period of time, usually due to lifestyle choices, resulting in some sort of impaired life (heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, stroke, etc.)

Leading Causes of Death, 1900’s vs. Today 1900’s Today Chapter 1 ©2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 8

Public Health Achievements Chapter 19

10 Leading Causes of Death in the United States, 2011 Causes of Death Number of Deaths Heart disease596,339 Cancer575,313 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 143,382 Stroke129,180 Unintentional injuries (accidents) 118,043 Alzheimer's disease83,308 Causes of Death Number of Deaths Diabetes mellitus68,905 Influenza/pneumonia53,667 Kidney disease45,731 Suicide38,285 Septicemia (systemic blood infection) 35,539 Chronic liver disease33,539

Chapter 111 Key Contributors to Death Among Americans, 2011 Number of Deaths per year Percent per year Tobacco467, Obesity216, Alcohol64, Toxic agents55, Microbial agents50, Illicit drug use40, Motor vehicles34,6771.1

Chapter 112 The Healthy People Initiative National health goals for each decade –Aimed at preventing disease –Improving America’s quality of life Healthy People 2020 –A focus on identifying, measuring, tracking, and reducing health disparities through determinants of health What make some people healthy and others not? Create a society where everyone has a chance to live a long healthy life

Chapter 113 Health Issues for Diverse Populations Sex and gender (roles, behaviors, activities) –Biology vs. culture Ethnicity Income and Education –Best predictors of poor health Disability Geographic Location –Rural vs. urban Sexual Orientation

Chapter 114 Factors That Influence Wellness Health habits –Smoking, stress, poor diet Heredity/Family history Environment –Air, water, home, work Access to Health care –Preventative vs. treatment

Chapter 115 A Wellness Profile Sense of responsibility for your own health Managing stress Mentally healthy (self-esteem) Relationships/sexuality (satisfying?) Toxins (tobacco, drugs, etc.) Diet/Exercise Health care system (understand?) Understanding illness and when to seek help Natural process of aging and dying Understanding the environment and how it affects your health

Chapter 116 Getting Serious About Your Health Examine current health habits Choose a target behavior –One behavior change to concentrate on Obtain information about your target behavior Find outside help

Chapter 117 Building Motivation for Change Examine the pros and cons of change Boosting self-efficacy: your belief in your ability to take action –Locus of control Internal control versus external control –Visualization –Self-Talk –Role models and social support Identify and overcome key barriers to change

Chapter 118 The “Stages of Change Model” Developed by Carl DiClemente and James Prochaska (1991) Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Termination

Chapter 119 Developing Skills for Change: Creating Personalized Plan 1.Monitor your behavior and gather data 2.Analyze the data and identify patterns 3.Set realistic and specific goals 4.Devise a strategy or plan of action –Supplies –Modify your environment –Rewards 5.Make a commitment by signing a personal contract

Chapter 120 Putting Your Plan Into Action Requires commitment Use all strategies Journal Analyze your plan Rewards

Chapter 121 Putting Your Plan Into Action Staying with it (avoid obstacles) Social influences (support group) Levels of motivation and commitment Choice of techniques and level of effort (make changes) Stress barriers Games people play –Procrastinating, blaming

Chapter 122 Being Healthy For Life Making changes in your world –Increased awareness –Greater responsibility and control –Healthier lifestyles What does your future hold? –More active role = greater impact on present and future wellness

Take Charge of Your Health TODAY Chapter One