1. Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management
Chapter 1

2. Wellness: The New Health Goal
Health refers to the overall condition of a person’s body or mind and to the presence or absence of illness or injury
Wellness refers to optimal health and vitality
Health differs based on factors beyond your control, such as genes, age, and family history
Wellness is determined by the decisions you make about the way you live

3. Wellness: The New Health Goal
Dimensions of wellness
Physical wellness
Interpersonal (social) wellness
Emotional wellness
Environmental wellness
Spiritual wellness
Intellectual wellness
The process of achieving wellness is constant and dynamic involving change and growth

4. Wellness Continuum
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.1

5. Other Aspects of Wellness
Occupational and Financial Wellness
Most experts feel that these are also important dimensions of wellness
Occupational wellness refers to the level of happiness and fulfillment you gain through your work.
Financial wellness refers to your ability to live within your means and to manage your money.

6. New Opportunities For Taking Charge
Infectious diseases caused the majority of deaths; life expectancy was 47 years old.
Since 1900, present life expectancy has doubled (2008 average is 77.8 years) due to the development of vaccines and antibiotics.
This gives rise to the emergence of new major health threats.
Heart disease
Cancer
Chronic lower respiratory diseases

7. Public Health Achievements
Figure 1.2

8. Leading Causes of Death in the United States, 2009

9. Key Contributors to Death among Americans

10. Healthy People Initiative
The National Healthy People Initiative aims to prevent disease and improve Americans’ quality of life
U.S. government has financial and humanitarian interests.
The latest report, Healthy People 2010 proposes to:
Eliminate preventable diseases, disability, injury, and premature death
Achieve health equality to eliminate health disparities among Americans
Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life.

11. Dimensions of Diversity
Wellness Issues for Diverse Populations
Wellness-related differences among groups can be described along several dimensions including the following:
Gender
Race and ethnicity
Income and education

12. Behaviors That Contribute to Wellness
Be physically active
Choose a healthy diet
Maintain a healthy body weight
Manage stress effectively
Avoid tobacco and drug use and limit alcohol consumption
Protect yourself from disease and injury
Take other steps toward Wellness:
Develop meaningful relationships
Plan for successful aging
Learn about the health care system
Act responsibly toward the environment

13. Quantity vs. Quality of Life
Figure 1.3

14. Lifestyle and Wellness
More time watching TV = increased risk of obesity and diabetes
Figure 1.4a

15. Lifestyle and Wellness
Cigarette smoking = increased risk of lung cancer
Figure 1.4b

16. Lifestyle and Wellness
Low intake of fruits and vegetables = increased risk of heart disease
Figure 1.4c

17. Lifestyle and Wellness
Few healthy behaviors = increased risk of heart disease
Figure 1.4d

18. Benefits of Physical Activity
Figure 1.5

19. Other Factors in Wellness
Heredity
Put together a family health history
Environment
Health care

20. Reaching Wellness Through Lifestyle Management
Getting started:
Examine your current health habits
Choose a target behavior—an isolated behavior selected as the object for a behavior change program
Obtain information about your target behavior
Find outside help if needed

21. Building Motivation to Change
Examine the pros and cons of change
Boost self-efficacy—the belief in one’s ability to take action
Locus of control: internal versus external
Visualization and self-talk
Role models and buddies
Identify and overcome key barriers to change

22. Enhancing Your Readiness to Change
The Transtheoretical, or “stages of change,” model for behavior change:
Stages of Change:
Precontemplation—people do not think they have a problem and have no intention of changing behavior
Contemplation—people know they have a problem and are intending to take action within 6 months
Preparation—people plan to take action within a month
Action—people outwardly modify their behavior and environment
Maintenance—successful behavior change for 6 months or longer
Termination—people are no longer tempted by the behavior which they have changed

23. The Stages of Change: A Spiral Model

24. Developing Skills for Change: Creating a Personalized Plan
Putting together a plan of action
1. Monitor your behavior and gather data
2. Analyze the data and identify patterns
3. Be “Smart” and set specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time frame-specific goals.
4. Devise a plan of action
Get what you need
Modify your environment
Control related habits
Reward yourself
Involve people around you
Plan for challenges
5. Make a personal contract

25. Dealing with Relapse
People seldom travel down the stages of change in a linear, straightforward manner.
Research proves that it may take multiple attempts to change one’s behavior.
4 out of 5 people experience some degree of backsliding
If you experience a lapse or relapse, here are steps to get you back on track:
Forgive yourself
Give yourself credit for your progress you have already made
Move on

26. Staying With It Social influences Levels of motivation and commitment
Choice of techniques and level of effort
Stress barrier
Procrastinating, rationalizing, and blaming

27. Wellness
Source: Steve Mason/Getty Images (Courtesy of McGraw-Hill Higher Education)

28. Wellness Worksheet Assignment
Chapter 1 Connect Worksheet is due on Monday, September 3rd, no later than 11:59PM.