Sexuality Chapter 46

46-2 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Health  Ability to form developmentally appropriate sexual relationships that are safe and respectful of one’s self and others.

46-3 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexuality  Components of Sexuality Gender Identity Gender Role Sexual Orientation

46-4 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexuality  Gender Identity (gender) Biologic sex of male, female, or intersexed  Gender Role Masculine or feminine role adopted by a person, often culturally and socially determined Transgendered

46-5 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexuality  Sexual Orientation  Affectional and sexual attraction of one person to another  Scientific terms referring to a person’s sexual orientation Heterosexual (Straight) Homosexual (Gay or Lesbian) Bisexual (Pansexual)

46-6 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Factors Influencing Sexual Health  Physiological Factors  Emotional and Psychological Factors  Cultural Factors  Societal Factors  Religious Factors

46-7 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Development Across the Life Span  Childhood From infancy to age 5, young children move from indiscriminate genital touching to intentional genital touching. From age 5 to puberty, children are into exploration of other children.

46-8 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Development Across the Life Span  Puberty A time of enormous physical, emotional, and sexual growth Male and female hormones transform young children into young adults who are physiologically inclined to greater sexual activity.

46-9 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Development Across the Life Span  Adulthood Needs of both partners become more equal. Inclusive needs are related to intimacy and connection.  Changes in Sexuality with Aging Physiological changes may or may not affect sexual functioning.

46-10 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Dysfunction  Inability to engage in sexual activity  Can be a result of physical illness, psychological illness, interpersonal factors, or medication side effects

46-11 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Sexual Dysfunction  Common Risks to Sexual Health Childhood survivor of sexual abuse Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

46-12 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Nursing’s Role in Clients with Sexual Alterations  All clients should have a sexual health assessment.  Nurses should take the initiative in performing a full sexual assessment when a client is known or suspected to have alterations in sexual health.  Inform the client as to why a sexual history is necessary.

46-13 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Assessment  Nurses must first work through their own level of comfort and knowledge about sexuality.  Ensure client privacy when partner is not present.  Data collection includes a complete health history and medication history.

46-14 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Nursing Diagnoses  Altered Sexuality Patterns  Sexuality Dysfunction

46-15 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Outcome Identification and Planning  Include the client and, when appropriate, partner or partners.  The time frame for intervention and evaluation should fit the client’s need.

46-16 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Intervention  Planned when partners are present.  Provide an environment that assures privacy.  The PLISSIT model can be used to guide the practitioner from the level of least intervention to the most intensive intervention.

46-17 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Evaluation  Of most importance is the satisfaction of the client and his or her partner or partners.

46-18 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Wellness Practices and Sexual Health  Knowing oneself and one’s partner  Keeping oneself free from STIs, including HIV Various barriers used to provide protection from transmission of STIs are not 100% effective

46-19 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Wellness Practices and Sexual Health  Emotional and psychological wellness practices focus on open communications between sexual partners.

46-20 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Female Reproductive Anatomy and Wellness Practices  Breast Self-Examination  Vaginal/Cervical Exam  Mammograms

46-21 Copyright 2004 by Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Male Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology and Wellness Practices  Prostate Exams  Testicular Self-Examination