Aim: How did Mao Zedong transform China? Tuesday – April 14, 2015 Mr. Lombardi Aim: How did Mao Zedong transform China? Do Now: Copy the domain-specific vocabulary: Mao Zedong: (1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew the Nationalist Party. Long March: March that Mao Zedong and his Communist Party underwent to avoid being captured and killed by China’s Nationalist Party. Great Leap Forward: The economic program designed to increase farm and industrial output (communes). Cultural Revolution: Political policy started in China by Mao Zedong to eliminate his rivals and train a new generation in the revolutionary spirit that created communist China. Red Guard: Militaristic group of students in China who brutalized anyone who criticized Mao’s government.

Unit 9: ___________ in China

From Imperialism to Republic For many years, foreign countries controlled China’s trade and economic resources. Many people, including groups like the Guomindang (“Kuomintang”, or Nationalist Party), led by Sun Yat Sen, believed that modernization and nationalism could restore China’s independence.

From Imperialism to Republic In 1911, a group called The Revolutionary Alliance, a forerunner of the Guomintang, successfully overthrew the Qing Dynasty, (the last series of emperors from a single family that had ruled China since 1644). After becoming the president of a new Republic of China in 1912, Sun Yat Sen aimed to establish a modern government by using “three principles of the people”… Nationalism - an end to foreign control Democracy - restoring people’s rights Peoples livelihood - Economic Security for all Chinese

From Republic to Revolt After gaining power, Sun turns over the Presidency to powerful general named Yuan Shikai who rules like an emperor and ultimately betrays the ideals of the revolution. This sparks local revolts. After Yuan Shikai’s death (1916), civil war breaks out in China and authority falls into the hands of warlords who rule territories as large as their armies could conquer.

World War I increases tension in China China fights on side of victorious allies but suffers huge casualties during WWI. After the war, some Chinese leaders felt that the Allies should repay them for their help by returning control of Chinese territories that had previously been controlled by Germany. However, under the Treaty of Versailles, the Allied leaders decided to give these territories to Japan. On May 4, 1919, outraged students gathered in Beijing to protest Japanese control of colonies in China. This began the May Fourth Movement. It’s supporters aimed to make China stronger through modernization.

Activity #1 We will read From Republic to Communist Nation together. Sun Yat Sen / Sun Yixian Chiang Kai-Shek / Jiang Jieshi

China splits in two during WWII Communist vs. Nationalists In 1921, two leaders rise to power and fight for political control. Chiang Kai-Shek leads the nationalist party and Mao Zedong leads the Communist party. Dominates the South Dominates the North

Activity #2 Read- China Under Mao Zedong Answer the questions that follow in COMPLETE SENTENCES We will read the document together Answer the questions that follow in COMPLETE SENTENCES

The Long March (1934-1935) Chinese communists make a 6,000 mile trek from southeastern to northwestern China. This relocates the communist revolutionary base and sets the stage for Mao Zedong to become the undisputed party leader.

The existence of two China’s increases tensions between the Superpowers during the Cold War The U.S. supports Chiang Kai-shek and helps him set up a Nationalist government called the Republic of China. The Soviets support Mao Zedong and the countries pledge to assist one another if either is attacked.

Summary ______________ in China. How did China go from Dynasties to a Republic to Communism?

Regents Prep - Chinese Communist Revolution

Critical Thinking Questions: How did the Superpowers respond to the two parties in China? How did Communism transform China during the time of Mao Zedong? How did the outcome of the Chinese Civil War contribute to Cold War tensions? Why did the Cultural Revolution fail? Why did the United States support the nationalists in the civil war in china?