Bellringer: 2/11  Pick up the papers by the door.  Take out your Imperialism vocab and review your terms for the quiz today.  Have out your phone/tablet to use in the Kahoot review before the quiz.

After your quiz…  Keep the quiz at your seat. We will switch with the people around us to grade them.  Make the following updates to your ToC:  Page 99: Vocab Quiz Imperialism  Page 100: Notes – Imperialism in Asia  Page 101: Notes – Imperialism in Africa  Page 102: Study Guide - Imperialism

Agenda: 2/11  1. Vocab Quiz Review  2. Vocab Quiz: Imperialism  3. Notes: Imperialism in Asia  4. Crash Course: Imperialism in Asia  5. Study Guide Work Time

Homework: 2/11  1. Complete the Imperialism study guide.  2. Study for your mini-test on Imperialism  It is NEXT CLASS (Tuesday 2/16)

Location: Southern Asia Mountains: Himalayas Rivers: Ganges & Indus Religions- Hinduism (Caste System), Islam, Buddhism, Christian, Sikh Early Civilizations- Mohenjo Daro, Harappa, Mauryas, Mughals Environmental Concerns: Monsoons

Nations in the Indian subcontinent: India Pakistan Bangladesh Bhutan Nepal Sri Lanka

Imperialism in Asia: 1. India

British colonialism starts way back in the 1600s –British East India Company (BEIC) = government- chartered trading monopoly 1613 received permission to trade from Mughal Empire (Indian subcontinent) BEIC had its own army (called the Sepoys) Decline of Mughals = BEIC controlled over 60% of India Means they could exercise power usually associated with a government

 Sepoys- Indian soldiers Felt British military rules were against religious beliefs EX: Indian soldiers were forced to bite off the cartridges to release the gunpowder in the rifle to fire it –These were soaked in pig fat or cow fat (offensive to Muslims and Hindus, respectively) In 1857, Hindus & Muslims to unite against British RESULT: British crush revolt & Parliament ends company’s rule of India  RESULT: British government takes control of India

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 India became “Jewel in the Crown” of English Colonies  300 million people= a huge potential market  Indian business competition was prohibited  Major supplier of raw materials (especially spices, cotton, and opium)

 The Raj- title of British Rule in India  Organization of the government:  Cabinet minister in England directed policy  British Governor General (Viceroy) carried out government orders in India  British eliminated the caste system and established a single law for everybody  Established English as the official language  Remains an official language in India today

 Improved infrastructure, built schools, improved sanitation & public health, ended local warfare  Indians allowed to study abroad in other British territories

 British held all political & economic power  Indians = second class citizens  Conversion to cash crops caused famine  Indian cultural beliefs & practices were threatened

Imperialism in Asia: 2. China

 Europeans interested in tea, silk, & porcelain Also hoped to tap into huge market & source of cheap labor  Chinese looked down on foreigners Interest in foreign goods was non- existent  Initially Europeans can establish enclaves at port cities, but cannot trade throughout China

 Late 1700’s British trade opium in China (leads to addiction)  Chinese try to halt opium trade  1839 War breaks out – British easily defeat Chinese  RESULT: In 1842, the British force the Chinese to sign harsh Treaty of Nanjing

 China had to open more ports, pay cost of war  Gave Britain Hong Kong  Gives Britain and European countries more overall control in China  No longer just enclaves here  Spheres of influence established:  1898: China divided into spheres of influence, each controlled by a foreign power  1899: U.S. forces China to start the “Open Door Policy” (China must be open to trade from any and all world powers)

China begins a series of rebellions against European influence: –1. Taiping Rebellion-( ) Chinese peasants inspired by Hong Xiuquan try to overthrow Manchu Dynasty Takes 14 years to crush & costs millions of lives

 2. The Boxer Rebellion- (1900)  Secret society of Boxers rises up against foreign powers in China  Combined force of European, American, & Japanese forces crush revolt  Resulted in Chinese govt. conceding more to foreign powers

Imperialism in Asia: 3. Japan

 Located in East Asia  Geographic conditions favored isolation  Culture heavily influenced by China & Korea  Industrialized nation but lacks vital resources

 Feudal system led by warrior class (Samurai)  Brought stability to Japan  Banned all contact with outside world (isolationism)  Outlawed European products & Christian Missionaries

 1858: U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry sails into Tokyo Harbor  Requests opening of Japanese ports to trade  Tokugawa Shoguns facing enormous military might unwillingly agree  Sign Treaty of Kanagawa  Ends Japanese isolation

 Tokugawa Shogunate overthrown; restoring power of the Emperor  Japan becomes more “Westernized”:  Strong centralized government w/ a constitution  Industrialized Japan  Built up military power  Built up infrastructure & Economy  RESULT: Modernizes Japan & makes it competitive with the West

 Lack of Raw materials & revamped military Steers Japan towards imperialism  Sino-Japanese War (1894) - Japan easily defeats China  Fighting for access to more raw materials  Gains Taiwan & increased influence in Korea

Russo- Japanese War (1904) Japan defeats Russia in a conflict over control of Korea (both want it for raw materials, to build empires) Treaty of Portsmouth ends war Japan gets territory in Manchuria  Japan annexes Korea in 1910

 Prime example of imperialism at its worst  Closed newspapers & controlled schools  Replaced study of Korean language & history w/ that of Japan  Tries to eradicate Korean culture completely!  Gave Korean land to Japanese  Replaced Korean businesses w/ Japanese businesses

Imperialism in Asia: 4. Southeast Asia

SE Asia = a source of tropical agriculture, minerals & oil –Dutch, British, French, US all raced to gain colonies Examples of colonial holdings: –Dutch East India Co. ruled Indonesia –French ruled over Indochina (Vietnam) –U.S. rules Philippines