CELL REVIEW
WHAT STRUCTURES MAKE UP PROKARYOTIC CELLS? Cell wall Cell membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes DNA/RNA
WHAT SETS EUKARYOTIC CELLS APART FROM PROKARYOTIC CELLS? Internal membrane bound structures like the nucleus
WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MAKE UP OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS? bacteria
WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS? Protists Fungi Plants animals
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE FOUND IN PLANT CELLS BUT NOT ANIMAL CELLS? Cell wall Chloroplast vacuoles
WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL MEMBRANE? Maintaining cellular homeostasis Provides structure and support Regulates what materials enters and leaves
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF CHLOROPLAST? Photosynthesis Collect sunlight energy and convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen Produces food for the plant
WHAT CELL ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW? chloroplast
WHY DO MANY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT THE MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLAST EVOLVED FROM PROKARYOTIC CELLS? They are composed of double membranes They have circular DNA They have similar reproduction
HOW DO UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS DIFFER FROM MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS? Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell that must perform all of the life tasks Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells which may divide the life functions amongst many specialized cells
WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF A RIBOSOME? they assemble proteins (protein synthesis) They are composed of RNA and protein but are not membrane bound
WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL WALL? They are composed of complex carbohydrates Support and protection
HAIRLIKE PROJECTIONS ON THE CELL MEMBRANE ARE CALLED… cilia They are for locomotion
LONG, WHIP-LIKE PROJECTIONS FROM THE CELL MEMBRANE ARE CALLED… Flagella Are used for locomotion
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE MITOCHONDRIA? To produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP Carries out cellular respiration to produce energy
WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW? Mitochondria
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LYSOSOME? Uses enzymes to break down cellular waste It is the clean up crew of the cell
WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW? Lysosome
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM? Transports substances like protein around the cell
WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLES ARE SHOWN BELOW? Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE GOLGI APPARATUS? Alter and package cellular proteins for transport within and out of the cell
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE VACUOLE? To store water, food, etc.
WHICH BIOMOLECULE IS SHAPED LIKE RINGS AND HAS A 1:2:1 RATIO OF C, H, O? Carbohydrates Single rings are monosaccharides like glucose Double rings are disaccharides like sucrose Many rings are polysaccharides like starch
WHICH BIOMOLECULES HAVE NO MONOMERS AND HAVE A MUCH GREATER THAN 2:1 RATIO OF H TO O? Lipids (fats, oils, waxes)
WHICH BIOMOLCULES ARE FOUND IN CHAINS AND CONTAIN C, H, O, AND N? Proteins Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions
PUT THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN ORDER FROM LEAST TO MOST COMPLEX… Atom Molecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ system organism
WHEN A SUBSTANCE ENTERS AN ENZYME TO BE CATALYZED IT IS CALLED A… Substrate
WHEN SUBSTANCES EXIT AN ENZYME AFTER BEING CATALYZED THEY ARE CALLED… Products
WHAT HAPPENS TO AN ENZYME ONCE IT HAS CATALYZED A REACTION? It is reused