The Endocrine System Regulation system that works with the nervous system to control and coordinate the body Composed of glands that secrete hormones

What is a duct?

What is the difference between an Endocrine and Exocrine gland? Endocrine – ductless glands, hormones are secreted directly into the blood stream ex: pancreas, pituitary, thyroid Exocrine - glands with ducts, ex: sweat glands, pancreatic ex: sweat glands, pancreatic duct mammary glands

Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenals (2) Thyroid Pancreas Ovaries Testes

Endocrine Glands HypothalamusPituitaryThyroidAdrenalsPancreasOvaryTestes

Hormones Hormones – Drag & Drop

What is a Hormone? Chemical messengers secreted by glands or cells in one part of the body that affect cells in other parts of the organism

What is a target cell? Cells that a hormone acts on (specific for each hormone)

How do hormones travel to their target cells? CIRCULATORY SYSYTEM!!

How do Hormones recognize their target cells? Target cells display specific receptors to which only that hormone can bind Cells without those particular receptors will remain unaffected.

Hormones Hormones – Drag & Drop

The Hypothalamus located in the brain ADH: promotes water reabsorption Oxytocin stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth.

Pitutiary Gland Pituitary –produces Growth Hormone (GH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH

Pituitary Gland Hormone: (GH) Growth Hormone stimulates the growth of bones and other tissues Hypersecretion: Giantism Hyposecretion: Dwarfism

Too much/too little GH

Pituitary Gland continued Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the thyroid to release its hormone, thyroxine. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the maturation of egg in the ovaries and sperm in the testes Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation in females. In males it stimulates the release of testosterone by the testes.

Thyroid Needs iodine to function properly Releases thyroxin – controls metabolism metabolism

Hypothyroidism – Grave’s Disease

Pancreas Islets of Langerhans Located in abdomen Secretes insulin – lowers blood sugar Secretes glucagon – raises blood sugar MalfunctionsDiabetesHypoglycemia

Diabetes Type I and Type II

Insulin Insulin - Animation

Glucagon Glucagon - Animation

Diabetes Diabetes - Animation

Adrenals Release epinephrine (adrenaline) Stress hormone -“flight or flight” response Increase heart rate, breathing, blood sugar, eye dilation Decrease in digestion

Adrenaline Adrenaline - Animation

Testes/Ovaries Testes – located in the testes; releases testosterone Ovaries – located in lower abdomen, releases estrogen and progesterone

Nervous Versus Endocrine

Comparing/Contrasting Nervous and Endocrine Systems Life Process Carried Out Speed (faster/slower)? Type of Message (Electrical/Chemical?) How messages travel? Regulation Faster Slower Electrical and Chemical Chemical Only Through nerves and neurons Blood Stream

Comparing/Contrasting Nervous and Endocrine Systems Specific Type of Chemical Used Duration of Activity Control of ____ Activities (Involuntary/Voluntary) Neurotransmitter Hormones Short Lasting Long Lasting Involuntary and Voluntary Activities Involuntary only

Negative Feedback

Positive Feedback Rare Instead of maintaining a balance, positive feedback amplifies response Ex: labor contractions, nursing

Hormones vs Nervous System

Quiz Quiz