1. The Endocrine System

2. The Endocrine System

3. Function of the Endocrine System
To regulate, coordinate and control your body functions using hormones.
Examples of
Body Functions:
Growth
Fertility
Metabolism

4. What are Hormones? Chemical messengers
Secreted (released) by Glands into bloodstream.
Proteins with a specific shape.

5. Target Cells and Receptors
All cells are exposed to hormones, but not all cells react.
Target Cells – cells that have special receptors that the hormone fits in to, causing a response in that cell.

6. Target Cells and Receptors

7. endocrine system

8. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain
Hormones Secreted:
Growth Stimulating Hormone- stimulates elongation of the bones.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- causes the thyroid to produce its hormone.
Follicle Stimulating Hormone- stimulates development of testes and ovaries.
MALFUNCTION:
Gigantism- due to an oversecretion of growth hormone.

9. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain

10. Gland: Thyroid Location: Neck
Hormones Secreted:
Thyroxin- regulates metabolism.
MALFUNCTION:
Goiter- enlargement of the thyroid gland due to a lack of iodine in the diet.

12. Gland: Parathyroid Location: In the Thyroid
Hormone Secreted:
Parathormone- regulates calcium metabolism which is necessary for nerve function, blood clotting and proper growth of teeth and bones.

13. Gland: Adrenals Location: On top of Kidneys
Hormone secreted:
Adrenalin- increases blood sugar level and accelerates heart and breathing rates during times of emergency.
Fight or flight

14. Gland: Pancreas Hormones secreted: MALFUNCTION:
Insulin- lowers blood sugar levels (excess glucose gets stored in the liver as glycogen).
Glucagon- raises blood sugar levels (stimulates the release of sugar from the liver).
MALFUNCTION:
Diabetes- lack of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels.

15. Gland: Testes Hormone secreted:
Testosterone- influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics.

16. Gland: Ovaries Hormones secreted:
Estrogen- influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics.
Progesterone- regulates the menstrual cycle.

17. Feedback Mechanism
Negative feedback- A type of self-regulation, operates on the principal that the level of one hormone in the blood stimulates or inhibits the production of another hormone.