1. Endocrine System
Biology 12

2. Jokes of the day:

3. Endocrine System and the nervous system often work together to bring about homeostasis
The division between the nervous and endocrine systems occurs in the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland through nerve stimulation.
The pituitary gland regulates the endocrine glands through secretion of chemicals which can also affect the nerve activity of the hypothalamus.
Homeostasis

4. is the system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body.
Endocrine System

6. Endocrine Glands Endocrine glands
Ductless organs that secrete their molecules directly into the bloodstream
All endocrine cells are located within highly vascularised areas to ensure that their products enter the bloodstream immediately
Note: Exocrine glands discharge their secretions into ducts that carry them where they are used (ex. glands of the digestive system).
Endocrine Glands

7. The glands

8. this is the “master Gland” which controls other endocrine glands associated with hormones
Anterior lobe
TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone, regulates cell metabolism
FSH: follicle stimulating hormone, stimulates follicle and sperm development
LH: luteinizing hormone, stimulates ovulation and production of testosterone
GH: growth hormone (somatotrophin STH), promotes growth
ACTH: adrenocortictropic hormone, stimulates release of hormones involved in stress response.
PRL: prolactin, stimulates milk production in lactating females.
Posterior lobe
oxytocin: stimulates contraction of muscles in the uterus, triggers milk release
ADH: antidiruretic hormone ( increases reabsorption of water)
vasopressin: helps maintain the body’s water balance/blood pressure.
Pituitary gland

10. controls the release of hormones from the pituitary and is a major link between nervous and endocrine systems.
TSH is associated with this gland.
2. Hypothalamus gland

11. affects sexual development and biorhythms
3. Pineal Gland

12. 4. Thyroid Gland influences the metabolic rate
it is associated with the hormone thyroxine
4. Thyroid Gland

13. controls the blood calcium in the neck area
5. Parathyroid Glands

14. aids in immunity, it is the organ in which the lymphocytes mature (T cells)
7. Thymus Gland

15. production of hormones that regulate the level of sugar in the blood.
If blood sugar is high it produces Insulin to reduce sugar level.
When blood sugar is low glucagon is produced.
8. Pancreas

16. 9. Adrenal Gland located on top of the kidneys.
adrenalin – helps to cope with stress, converts glycogen to glucose.
cortisone – prevents inflammation and increases the level of sugar in the blood.
9. Adrenal Gland

17. 10. Testis production of male sex hormone (testosterone)
causes secondary sex characteristics, stimulates sperm production
10. Testis

18. 11. Ovaries production of female sex hormones
estrogen: development of secondary sex characteristics, prepares uterus for pregnancy.
progesterone: maintains the uterus during pregnancy
11. Ovaries

19. To do : Read Chapter 8 Page 377 #1, 2 Page 383 #1 Page 387 #1 – 4, 6