 Understand the concept and process of Perception  Explore how Perception influences behaviour  Understand the common Perceptual errors and how they can be reduced  Explain the process of Social Attribution  Explore the errors of attribution

Figure 4.1 Outcomes important to Organisations at different levels are influenced by Perception

 A lens providing our world view  A set of basic assumptions about what the world is really like  Once created it is so powerful that any concept or ‘fact’ that does not ‘fit in’ is walled off  Socially co-created  Our reality is co-created by the perceptions, actions and interpretations of those actions by us and the people around

 Culturally influenced  Culture predisposes a person to choose those patterns of interpretation which are acceptable and considered desirable  Self-Fulfilling  We sense the expectation of others and behave accordingly: The “Pygmalion Effect”

Defining Perception  “Perception is in broad terms [one’s] maintenance of contact with [one’s] environment [as well as] internal state."  Selection & Filtering, Distortion, Organisation & Interpretation

 Kelly’s Attribution Model  Consistency  Distinctiveness  Consensus  Attribution Theory in Social Perception  We apply Attribution Theory when we judge why someone behaves in a particular way  Impression Management

PERCEPTUAL ERRORS  Halo Effect  Stereotyping  Projection ATTRIBUTIONAL ERRORS  Fundamental Attribution Error  Optimistic Bias  Self Serving Bias