1. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Chapter 3 Perception

2. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Perception Perception is the way people organize and interpret the world around them in order to give meaning to their surroundings. Each persons perception is unique. Being aware through any of the senses Vision Hearing Taste Touch Smell

3. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Perception People’s behavior is based on how they interpret reality, not reality itself. Mental set — perceiving what we want regardless of reality. Perceptual filters — attitudes about people and things. Preset judgments — making your mind up before gathering facts. World View=Metal set + Perceptual filters + Preset judgments

4. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed 80 % Meaning loss if:  Difference of values and maturity (world view) Perception

5. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Perception The world that is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.  Hereditary factors — inherited physical abilities or limitations, like color blindness.  Environmental background and experience — how you were raised or nurtured.  Peer pressure — the effect or influence friends or colleagues have.

6. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed the perceiver - you the target – the person you are perceiving the situation - the context in which the perceiver experiences the target 3 Factors of Perception

7. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Factors Influencing Perception Factors in the Perceiver - you: attitudes. motives. interest. experience. expectations.

8. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Factors Influencing Perception Factors in the Target: motion. sounds. size. background. proximity.

9. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Factors Influencing Perception Factors in the Situation: time. work setting. social setting.

10. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Characteristics and Beliefs of the Perceivers Affecting Perception ** Projection – Attributing one’s own characteristics to other people. Selective perception – People selectively interpret what they see on the basis of their interest, background, experience, and attitudes. Stereotyping – Judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which that person belongs.

11. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Characteristics and Beliefs of the Perceivers Affecting Perception * Halo effect – Drawing a general positive impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic. Horn effect or Negative Halo – Drawing a general negative impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic Contrast effect – Evaluating a person’s characteristics that are affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics. Jones you are loved & Appreciated

12. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Attribution Theory A person tries to determine whether another person’s behavior is caused by internal or external factors. This is conditioned by three attributes: consensus in behavior. * consistency in behavior. * distinctiveness in behavior.

13. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Individual Behavior DistinctivenessConsistencyConsensus Low Internal cause High External cause Low External cause High Internal cause Low Internal cause High External cause Attribution Theory

14. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Attribution Theory Locus of Control * Internal – People who believe they control their own destiny. (Self Determination) External – People who believe that external factors control them. (Fatalistic)

15. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Attribution Theory Errors Self-serving bias This is a tendency for individuals to attribute their own success to internal factors and place blame for failures on external factors. Their approach is self-serving.

16. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Attribution Theory Errors Fundamental attribution error We tend to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors.

17. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Perception Applications Dating Interviews Self-fulfilling prophecies of performance Performance evaluations Employee effort Employee loyalty

18. Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Summary Perceptions affect awareness of problems. Perceptions affect analysis of problems. Perceptions affect interpretations of data. Perceptions affect judgment of potential outcomes.