Chapter 11: Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles

100 200 300 400 500 600 Multiple Choices Fill-in-the-Blank True/False Short Answer Illustration 100 200 300 400 500 600

Some chordates do not have: A. a notochord at some point in life B Some chordates do not have: A. a notochord at some point in life B. gills C. a nerve cord D. pouches in the throat area at some point in life

Gills

An animal whose body temperature changes depending on the environment is called a(n): A. ectotherm B. endotherm C. vertebrate D. invertebrate

Ectotherm

The three major groups of fishes are distinguished from one another by the types of _________ they have. A. fins B. scales C. eggs D. skeletons

Skeletons

Gills and lungs enable __________ to get into an animals blood. A Gills and lungs enable __________ to get into an animals blood. A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. urine D. water

Oxygen

Amphibian means: A. two tails B. double life C. scaly-skinned D Amphibian means: A. two tails B. double life C. scaly-skinned D. three chambers

Double life

Most snakes have only one: A. external ear B. eye C. leg D. lung

Lung

___________ groups descended from reptiles.

Mammals and birds

Unlike most fishes, most sharks __________

Cannot pump water over their gills

Small bones called __________ line up in a row to form the backbone.

Vertebrae

The skeletons of lampreys and hagfishes are made of ____________.

Cartilage

A __________ helps a bony fish stabilize its body at different depths in the water.

Swim bladder

__________ are reptiles whose bodies are covered by a protective shell.

Turtles

Most fishes have external fertilization. T or F (if F make it true)

True

A paleontologist is a scientist who studies reptiles A paleontologist is a scientist who studies reptiles. T or F (if F make it true)

F; Fossils

During metamorphosis, most salamander larvae lose their lungs.

F; gills

An ectotherm is an animal whose body does not produce much internal heat. T or F (if F make it true)

True

An endotherm is an animal whose body regulates its own temperature An endotherm is an animal whose body regulates its own temperature. T or F (if F make it true)

True

Reptile eggs have adaptations for conserving water, including a leathery shell and membrane. T or F (if F make it true)

True

Describe the eggs of fishes.

They are laid in water, and they are surrounded by a kind of jelly.

Describe amphibian eggs.

Fish and amphibian eggs are similar being laid in water and surrounded by a kind of jelly.

Describe three adaptations reptiles have for conserving water.

They have thick, tough skins covered with scales, eggs with shells and membranes, and kidneys that produce a concentrated urine.

Describe how an ectotherm could warm up when the air temperature is cold or cool down when the air temperature is hot.

It might move into the sunlight to warm up It might move into the sunlight to warm up. It might crawl into water or dig underground to cool down.

Explain why amphibians are sensitive to changes in the environment.

Amphibians have thin skin and their eggs lack shells, so their bodies more easily absorb pollutants from water.

Explain why reptiles are sensitive to changes in the environment.

Reptiles have thick skin and eggs with shells, which provide more protection from pollutants.

If the layers are undisturbed, which rock layer is probably older, B or C? Explain your answer. Site One Site Two G H D I C B A E

B is probably older. Since the layers are undisturbed, layer B had to be in place before layer C could be laid on top of it.

Layer D contains vertebrate bones Layer D contains vertebrate bones. Give a reason to explain why there no vertebrate bones in layers A, B, or C. Site One Site Two G G H H D D I I C C B B A A E E

Vertebrates did not exist when layers A, B, and C were laid down.

Which layer in Site 2 is probably the same age as layer B in Site 1 Which layer in Site 2 is probably the same age as layer B in Site 1? Explain your answer. Site One Site Two G G H H D D I I C C B B A A E E

Layer H is probably the same age as layer B, because the same two organisms were alive when both layers were laid down.

What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

Fishes

What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

Amphibian

What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

Reptile