Chapter 9, Section 1 Development of American Political Parties

Main Idea  Shortly after our nation’s birth, political leaders formed parties in an attempt to gain control of decision making in our government.

I. The Two Party System ( ) A. Political Party- an association of voters with broad common interests who want to influence government decision making. A. Political Party- an association of voters with broad common interests who want to influence government decision making. ***Anyone may join a political party. You simply register.*** B. Two-Party System- United States has had two major parties since Dems and Reps

C. Thomas Jefferson- wanted less power for the national government and more power to the states. Called his group the Democratic- Republican party in ***In 1829 Jefferson stepped down, his party was taken over by Andrew Jackson who turned the party into our modern day Democrats.***

D. Alexander Hamilton- Wanted strong national government and a strong president. His group was called the Federalists. ***Whigs eventually took over as Federalists faded away.***

E. Whigs- Rose in 1830, Whigs and Democrats remained the two major political parties until ***In 1854, breakaway Democrats and Whigs who opposed slavery formed the Republican Party.*** ***Lincoln became the first Republican president in Ever since, Republicans and Democrats have been the two major parties!***

II. Third Parties A. Third Parties- sometimes challenge the two major parties. Have never won a presidential election. B. Populist Party- formed in the 1890s. Made up of laborers and farmers. Never won the election but their idea’s were adopted. Two main idea’s: 1. Direct Election of Senators 2. Eight Hour Work Day

Third Parties in the U.S  Alaskan Independence Party (1984 – present) Alaskan Independence Party Alaskan Independence Party  America First Party (2002 – present) America First Party America First Party  ***American Nazi Party ( present)*** American Nazi PartyAmerican Nazi Party  American Party (1969 – present) American Party American Party  American Fascist Party (unknown - present) American Fascist Party American Fascist Party  American Patriot Party (2003 – present) American Patriot Party American Patriot Party  American Reform Party (1997 – present) American Reform Party American Reform Party  Centrist Party (United States) ( present) Centrist Party (United States) Centrist Party (United States)  Charter Party of Cincinnati, Ohio (1924 – present) Charter Party of Cincinnati, Ohio Charter Party of Cincinnati, Ohio  Christian Freedom Party (2004 – present) Christian Freedom Party Christian Freedom Party  Communist League (US) (2004 – present) Communist League (US) Communist League (US)  Communist Party USA (1919 – present) Communist Party USA Communist Party USA  Covenant Party (Northern Mariana Islands) Covenant Party (Northern Mariana Islands) Covenant Party (Northern Mariana Islands)  Free People's Movement (2002 – present) Free People's Movement Free People's Movement  Freedom Road Socialist Organization ( present) Freedom Road Socialist Organization Freedom Road Socialist Organization  ***Ku Klux Klan ( present)*** Ku Klux KlanKu Klux Klan

Cont….  ***Marijuana Party (2002 – present)*** Marijuana PartyMarijuana Party  ***Marijuana Reform Party (New York) (1997 – present)*** Marijuana Reform PartyMarijuana Reform Party  Mountain Party (West Virginia) (2000 – present) Mountain Party Mountain Party  National Socialist Movement (1974 – present) National Socialist Movement National Socialist Movement  New American Independent Party (2004-present) New American Independent Party New American Independent Party  New Party (1992 – 1998) New Party New Party  New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico (1967 – present) New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico  New Union Party (1974 – present) New Union Party New Union Party  New York State Right to Life Party (1970 – present) New York State Right to Life Party New York State Right to Life Party  Peace and Freedom Party (1967 – present) Peace and Freedom Party Peace and Freedom Party  Personal Choice Party (1997 – present) Personal Choice Party Personal Choice Party  Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico (1938 – present) Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico  Progressive Party of Washington ( and 2003 to present)  ***Prohibition Party (1867 – present)*** Prohibition PartyProhibition Party

C. Progressive Party- Created by Teddy Roosevelt. Called the “Bull Moose Party”. ***He won enough votes away from Taft(R), that Woodrow Wilson (D) won.***

***Some third parties arise to promote social, economic, and moral issues.*** D. Single Issue Party- Have only one issue in which they run on. ***Prohibitionists. Wanted the outlaw of alcohol.***

E. Ideological Parties- Focus on changing society in major ways. 1. Communist Party- favors government ownership. 2. Libertarian Party – wants more individual freedoms. 3. Green Party- Opposes power of corporations.

***Some third parties form around well- known individuals who cannot get support from a major party.*** ***Third-Party candidates must obtain a large amount of signatures to get on the ballot*** ***. Republican and Democratic candidates are automatically placed on the ballot.***

F. Most voters favor a major party. G. Third parties have trouble raising enough money to compete with the big two. sp sp

III. Other Party Systems ***Two party systems are rare.*** A. Most democracies have multi-party systems. B. In a one-party system, the government and party are nearly the same thing. ***In China, the People’s Republic of China, is the only party ALLOWED to exist (Communist).***

***One-Party systems also exist in non- Communist nations. Muslim leaders control Iran’s Islamic Republican Party. Other parties are outlawed.***

IV. Today’s Major Parties ***Major parties differ mainly in their belief on how much government should be involved in your daily lives.***

A. Democrats- believe government should be more involved in regulating the economy and providing for the poor. ***Increase taxes on those who make $250+*** Democrats B. Republicans- believe that if they help the economy grow, poor people will have a better chance to find jobs for themselves. They believe in less regulation. ***trickle down economics*** Republicans

***Both parties adopt mainstream ideas and avoid extreme positions.*** C. Platform- Series of statements expressing the party’s principles, beliefs, and positions on issues. D. Plank- each individual part of a platform.

Mini Quiz!!! Hot Chocolate- Winner 1. Name our two major political parties 2. What type of party system does the United States have? 3. Name two types of third parties 4. Has a third party ever won an election? 5. Name two Communist nations 6. Who was the leader of the Bull Moose Party?