Section 3 Industrialization Spreads

Industrial Development in the US U.S. has natural and labor resources needed to industrialize U.S. has natural and labor resources needed to industrialize Samuel Slater, English textile worker opens textile mill in U.S. Samuel Slater, English textile worker opens textile mill in U.S. Lowell, MA is a mechanized textile center by 1820 Lowell, MA is a mechanized textile center by 1820 Manufacturing towns spring up around factories across the country Manufacturing towns spring up around factories across the country Young single women flock to factory towns, work in mills Young single women flock to factory towns, work in mills Clothing, shoemaking industries soon mechanize Clothing, shoemaking industries soon mechanize

Rhode Island Slater Mill 1793

Later Expansion of U.S. Industry Later Expansion of U.S. Industry Later Expansion of U.S. Industry Industrialization picks up post-Civil War technology boom Industrialization picks up post-Civil War technology boom Cities like Chicago expand rapidly due to location on railroad lines Cities like Chicago expand rapidly due to location on railroad lines Small companies merge to form larger, powerful companies Small companies merge to form larger, powerful companies

The Rise of Corporations Stock-limited ownership rights for company, sold to raise money Stock-limited ownership rights for company, sold to raise money Corporation-company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts Corporation-company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts Large corporations attempt to control as much business as they can Large corporations attempt to control as much business as they can Standard Oil Standard Oil Carnegie Steel Carnegie Steel

Continental Europe Industrializes Troubles in Continental Europe Troubles in Continental Europe Revolution and Napoleonic wars disrupted early 19 th century economy Revolution and Napoleonic wars disrupted early 19 th century economy Beginnings in Belgium Beginnings in Belgium Belgium has iron ore, coal, water transportation Belgium has iron ore, coal, water transportation British workers smuggle in machine plans, start companies (1799) British workers smuggle in machine plans, start companies (1799)

Germany Industrializes Germany Industrializes Political, economic barriers; but industry, railroads boom by mid century Political, economic barriers; but industry, railroads boom by mid century Expansion Elsewhere in Europe Expansion Elsewhere in Europe Bohemia develops spinning Bohemia develops spinning Northern Italy mechanizes silk textiles Northern Italy mechanizes silk textiles France-industrialization is more measured; agriculture remains strong France-industrialization is more measured; agriculture remains strong

The Impact of Industrialization Rise of Global Inequality Rise of Global Inequality Wealth gap widens; non-industrialized countries fall farther behind Wealth gap widens; non-industrialized countries fall farther behind European nations, U.S., Japan exploit colonies for resources European nations, U.S., Japan exploit colonies for resources Imperialism spreads due to need for raw materials, markets Imperialism spreads due to need for raw materials, markets

Transformation of Society Transformation of Society Europe and U.S. gain economic power Europe and U.S. gain economic power African and Asian countries lag, based on agriculture, crafts African and Asian countries lag, based on agriculture, crafts Rise of middle class strengthens democracy, calls for social reform Rise of middle class strengthens democracy, calls for social reform