1. 25.3 Industrialization Spreads
The Industrialization that begins in Great Britain spreads to other parts of the world.

2. Industrial Development in the United States
U.S. has natural and labor resources needed to industrialize
Samuel Slater, English textile worker, builds textile mill in the U.S.
Lowell, Massachusetts is a mechanized textile center by 1820
Manufacturing towns spring up around factories across the country
Young single women flock to factory towns, work in textile mills
Clothing and shoemaking industries soon mechanize

3. Industrial Development in the United States
Later Expansion of U.S. Industry
Industrialization picks up during post-Civil War technology boom
Cities like Chicago expand rapidly due to location on railroad lines
Small companies merge to form larger, powerful companies

4. Industrial Development in the United States
The Rise of Corporations
Stock—limited ownership rights for company, sold to raise money
Corporation—company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts
Large corporations attempt to control as much business as they can

5. Continental Europe Industrializes
Troubles in Continental Europe
Revolution and Napoleonic ward disrupted early 19th-century economy
Beginnings in Belgium
Belgium has iron ore, coal, water transportation
British workers smuggle in machine plans and start companies in 1799

6. Continental Europe Industrializes
Germany Industrializes
Political, economic barriers; but industry, railroads boom by mid-century
Expansion Elsewhere in Europe
Bohemia develops spinning; Northern Italy mechanizes silk textiles
Industrialization in France more measured; agriculture remains strong

7. The Impact of Industrialization
Rise of Global Inequality
Wealth gap widens; non-industrialized countries fall further behind
European nations, U.S., Japan exploit colonies for recourses
Imperialism spreads due to need for raw materials, markets

8. The Impact of Industrialization
Transformation of Society
Europe and U.S. gain economic power
African and Asian economies lag, based on agriculture, crafts
Rise of middle class strengthens democracy, calls for social reform