Chapter 1 Lesson 2

 Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure and size of an organism

 Swedish botanist and physician  Classified based on similar structure  He had two main groups called kingdoms

 1969  Proposed the five kingdom system  Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Monera, Protista

 Classification system is still changing  Systematics is the way scientist do it.  They use the organisms:  Cell type  Habitat  Way it obtains energy  Structure  DNA structure  Function of the organism

 Using systematics, scientists identified two different major groups of bacteria  Archaea- (Ar kee uh)  Bacteria  These two groups became two domains.  The last domain is Eukarya

 Linnaeus developed a two name system  It is still called binomial nomenclature  The two names are the genus and the species name.  Genus- a group of similar species  Species- a group of similar organisms with similar traits that can produce fertile offspring

 Several common names for one organism  Several common names for many species- for example- bird could be cardinal or it could be chickadee  Scientific names are the same worldwide  Communication is easier because everyone uses the scientific name.

 Dichtomous keys  Cladograms

 Is a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that lead a person to the identification of the organism

 Like a family tree  A cladogram is branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms including common ancestors.