Scientific Revolution Qualitative to a Quantitative Inductive to a Deductive
Deductive vs. Inductive Deductive An example of a deductive argument: 1. All men are mortal. 2. Aristotle is a man. 3. Therefore, Aristotle is mortal. Inductive An example of a inductive argument: 1. Almost all people are taller than 26 inches 2. Gareth is a person 3. Therefore, Gareth is almost certainly taller than 26 inches
The Scientific Revolution Aristotle – fixed planets Church Doctrine
Scientific Revolution Epistemology – philosophy dealing with knowledge from senses – day/night – authority comes from scripture, church, and ancients
The Scientific Revolution Astronomy – Ptolemy: Ancient Greece Every thing revolved around the Earth – Geocentric Theory Called the Ptolemy Theory until the mid 1500’s
The Scientific Revolution Astronomy – Copernicus (Polish): Said the earth revolved around the sun. Earth rotates on its own axis. Church made him recant Called the Heliocentric Theory
The Scientific Revolution Astronomy – Tycho Brahe (Danish): Watched the night sky Built the first observatory
The Scientific Revolution Astronomy – Kepler (German): Brahe’s assistant Calculated planet orbits - elliptical Predicted other planets would be there We still use his calculations day
The Scientific Revolution Astronomy – Galileo (Catholic): He built his own telescope (Lippershay) Excommunicated from the Church-1633 – Roman Inquisition Proved Kepler’s calculations 1992 – Church admitted it was wrong
The Scientific Revolution Newton ties it all together – Isaac Newton (English) Explains why the planets move Gravity Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Calculus) 3 Laws
The Scientific Revolution Bacon and Descartes They both believed in use of experiments and observations – Francis Bacon (English) - Inductive Ways the rulers could get along with the ruled Convinced the monarch that science should be studied
The Scientific Revolution Bacon and Descartes – Rene Descartes (French) - Deductive Rational inductive methods to science “I think therefore I am.”
The Scientific Revolution Chemistry – Robert Boyle - (English)Boyles Gas Law: Temperature and Pressure are related. Air made up of many gases.
The Scientific Revolution Chemistry Priestley (English) – Existence of oxygen and carbon dioxide – carbonated drinks
The Scientific Revolution Chemistry Lavoisier (French) – Father of Chemistry Oxygen needed to burn
The Scientific Revolution Anatomy Galen (Roman) – dissected pigs and apes Bloodletting
The Scientific Revolution Anatomy Vesalius (French) ( ) – he dissected human bodies. He proved that the liver did not process food and turn it into blood. Father of Human Anatomy
Anatomy Harvey (English) ( ) – Blood is pumped throughout the body by the heart
Anatomy Hooke (English) – The body is made of cells. He used a microscope.