Statistics What are Statistics? What can statistics be used for? Are statistics reliable? How are statistics collected

Analyse statistics on the distribution of health and illness. How statistics are collected The importance of statistics Research health statistics relating to different social groups Highlight inequalities found using statistics Discuss the reliability of statistics.

Demography Demography is the term used to describe the study of changes in the size and structure of the population.

Demography Conduct your own demographic research on the Access to HE Diploma (Health) class. Using the survey papers provided compile statistics on the average learner on an Access to HE Diploma (Health) course at Coleg y Cymoedd

Demography What do your results tell you? Are your results reliable? Did you find any inequalities? What could be the reasons for these inequalities?

Statistics Surveys are just one means of gathering statistics. How else can statistics be collected? Ways of collecting statistics Census Medical records BallotsExperiments

Statistics Why are statistics important? What can they help us to show? Statistics can show Increase/decrease in medical conditions Public opinionEmployment ratesHousing issues Immigration/Emmigration

Statistics Group task: In groups of 4 you will be researching the following areas: Social Class Gender Ethnicity You will be expected to create a presentation of your findings which can be shared with the rest of the group.

Statistics You must elect a chairperson for your group. They will be responsible for co-ordinating your presentation. Each person will have an area of research that they are responsible for. Make a note of who is in your group and the area of research they are responsible for. Everyone must take part!!

Group 1 Describe what is meant by Social Class. Research statistics into differences between classes for 1.Mortality rates 2.Morbidity rates 3.Rates of cancer 4.Obesity Levels As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Group 2 Describe what is meant by Gender. Research statistics into differences between genders for: 1.Mortality rates 2.Morbidity rates 3.Rates of cancer 4.Obesity Levels As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Group 3 Describe what is meant by Ethnicity. Research statistics into differences between ethnic groups for 1.Mortality rates 2.Morbidity rates 3.Rates of cancer 4.Obesity Levels As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Group 4 Describe what is meant by Social Class. Research statistics into differences between classes for 1.Life expectancy 2.Infant mortality rates 3.Rates of diabetes 4.Mental health As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Group 5 Describe what is meant by Gender. Research statistics into differences between genders for 1.Life expectancy 2.Infant mortality rates 3.Rates of diabetes 4.Mental health As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Group 6 Describe what is meant by Ethnicity. Research statistics into differences between ethnic groups for 1.Life expectancy 2.Infant mortality rates 3.Rates of diabetes 4.Mental health As a group try to provide explanations as to why the statistics show what they do.

Time to move!! Everyone researching area 1 move to group 1’s table. Everyone researching area 2 move to group 2’s table. Everyone researching area 3 move to group 3’s table. Everyone researching area 4 move to group 4’s table.

Sources of information You may be able to find useful information in the following places: Public Health Wales Website Welsh Assembly Government Website Office for National Statistics Website NHS Website Haralambos and Holborn, Themes and Perspectives in Sociology Browne,

Time to move again!! Once you have competed your research: Return to your original groups. Plan and create your presentation (you may wish to use the resources in the Learning Centre to do this) Prepare to present your information to the rest of the class. a copy of your presentation to your tutor so that it can be placed onto Moodle.

Explanations for Health Inequalities The Black Report 1980 identified 4 possible explanations for Health inequality: Artefact explanation Social Selection Cultural Differences Material Differences

Artefact Explanation The artefact explanation of health inequalities rests on the idea that the relationship between class/gender/ethnicity and health is artificial rather than real. It arises either through the (inadequate) measurement of social class/gender/ethnicity and/or health, or in the measurement of the relationship between the two.

Artefact Explanation How do you think the artefact explanation could be used to explain the inequalities experienced by the group that you presented research on?

Social Selection The differences in social class reflect the fact that healthier people are more able to work their way up the social class structure

Social Selection How do you think the Social Selection explanation could be used to explain the inequalities experienced by the group that you presented research on?

Cultural Differences Particular cultures are more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyles.

Cultural Differences How do you think the Cultural Differences explanation could be used to explain the inequalities experienced by the group that you presented research on?

Material Differences The economic differences in Britain lead directly and indirectly to poorer health for the less well off and an increased chance of early death.

Material Differences How do you think the Material Differences explanation could be used to explain the inequalities experienced by the group that you presented research on?