Nutrition

Definitions Nutrition: all body processes related to food Malnutrition: state of poor nutrition may be caused by poor diet or illness Essential Nutrients: chemical elements in food, used by the body to perform various functions.

Carbohydrates Sugars or starches Major source of readily usable energy Breads, pastas, potatoes, corn, beans, grains fruits, syrups Cellulose: fibrous indigestible form of carbohydrates. Ex: bran, whole grain cereals, fibrous fruits and vegetables 4 calories per gram

Fats Lipids: saturated or unsaturated with hydrogen ions. Sat Fat: solid at room temp: meats, whole milk, eggs, cream, butter, and cheese Polyunsaturated : liquid at room temp: vegetable oil, margarines, & other products made from vegetable oils, fish, and peanuts. 9 calories per gram

Proteins Basic components of all body cells Made up of 22 building blocks called amino acids. Complete Proteins: animal foods: meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese. Incomplete proteins: vegtable foods: cereal, soybeans, dry beans, peas, corn, and nuts. 4 calories per gram.

Calculating Requirements Your body weight x 15 = # cal/day 60% of cal = carbohydrates 20% of cal= proteins < 20% of cal= fats 24 hr. food log: add up totals for each category. Divide total cal by totals for each category to get % of each.