Unit 2 – Intro to Chemistry King William High School Mrs. Fulks

Periodic Table PROJECT – “Wanted Poster” (This is you test grade this unit & is due 9/30 – 10/1) You must know symbols for elements 1-36, 47, 50, 53, 54, 74, 79, 82 & 92 Element symbol quiz is 9/30-10/1!

Chemistry …is the study of matter. Organic – carbon containing compounds Inorganic – all substances not classified as organic (what we will do mainly in this class) Physical – properties and changes of matter and its relationship to energy

Chemistry… Analytical – ID of compounds Biochemistry – substances and process in living things theoretica;l – using math and computers to better understand new compounds

Matter and its Properties Matter – anything that has mass and volume Mass – the amount of matter present Volume – the amount of space an object occupies

Building blocks of matter Atom – smallest particle of matter that retain properties of an element Element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom Compound- different types of atoms combine Molecule – base unit of the compound

Properties of matter Extensive – depend on the amount of matter present (mass, volume, length) Intensive – remain the same regardless of sample size (MP, BP, FP, texture, density) Physical – measured of observes without changing composition (color, texture, shape, BP, MP, FP) Chemical – when a substance undergoes a change into another substance (iron rusting)

Changes in matter Physical – does not change atom ratio usually a change in state Chemical – a reaction where a substance is altered

States of matter Solid – definite volume and shape Liquid – definite volume…NOT shape Gas – Neither definite volume nor definite shape

Classification on matter Pure substances – elements or compounds Mixtures – combination of two or more pure substances Homogeneous mixture – uniform throughout (SOLUTION) Heterogeneous mixture – not uniform throughout

Periodic Table Groups – vertical columns (also called families)…they share chemical properties Periods – horizontal rows Lanthanides & actinides

Types of elements Metals – good conductors of electricity (heat), ductile and malleable Nonmetals – poor conductors of electricity (heat) Metalloids – on the staircase…has the characteristics of metals and nonmetals Noble gases – (group 18)…inert (unreactive)