1. Chapter 1 Table of Contents Section 1 Chemistry Is a Physical Science
Matter and Change
Chapter 1
Table of Contents
Section 1 Chemistry Is a Physical Science
Section 2 Matter and Its Properties
Section 3 Elements

2. Introduction to the Periodic Table
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Periodic Table

3. Regions of the Periodic Table
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Regions of the Periodic Table

4. Introduction to the Periodic Table
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Periodic Table
The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups, or families.
Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties.
The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called periods.
Physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly across a period.

5. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Metals
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Metals
A metal is an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor.
Properties of metals
most are solids at room temperature
malleable - they can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
ductile - they can be drawn into a fine wire
conduct electricity and heat well

6. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Gold, copper, and aluminum are metals
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Gold, copper, and aluminum are metals

7. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Nonmetals
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Nonmetals
A nonmetal is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
Properties of nonmetals
many are gases
solids are brittle
poor conductors of heat and electricity

8. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Various nonmetal elements
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Various nonmetal elements
(a) carbon, (b) sulfur, (c) phosphorus, and (d) iodine

9. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Metalloids
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Metalloids
A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals.
Properties of metalloids
all metalloids are solids at room temperature
semiconductors of electricity

10. Chapter 1 Types of Elements Noble Gases
Section 3 Elements
Chapter 1
Types of Elements
Noble Gases
elements in Group 18 of the periodic table
generally unreactive
gases at room temperature

11. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. The reactants in this reaction are
A. magnesium and magnesium chloride.
B. hydrochloric acid and hydrogen gas.
C. magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
D. magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.

12. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
Matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume is
A. a liquid.
B. an element.
C. a solid.
D. a gas.

13. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice 4. Matter can be defined as anything that
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
4. Matter can be defined as anything that
A. has weight.
B. has mass and volume.
C. is uniform throughout.
D. exhibits both chemical and physical properties.

14. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
5. Which of the following is best classified as a
homogeneous mixture?
A. pizza
B. blood
C. hot tea
D. copper wire

15. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
A compound differs from a mixture in that a compound
A. contains only one element.
B. varies in chemical composition depending on the sample size.
C. has a definite composition by mass of the elements that the compound contains.
D. can be classified as either heterogeneous or homogeneous.

16. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
7. Which of the following is not a physical state of matter?
A. solid
B. gas
C. element
D. liquid

17. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
8. Three of the following must contain two or more kinds of atoms. Which one does not contain two or more kinds of atoms?
A. element
B. compound
C. homogeneous mixture
D. heterogeneous mixture

18. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
9. Which of the following symbols does not match the element name given?
A. Al, aluminum
B. Co, copper
C. K, potassium
D. P, phosphorus

19. Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Short Answer
11. In trying to identify a sample of a pure substance, we observe the following properties. Tell whether each one is a chemical property or a physical property.
A. Its mass is g. physical property
B. It is a shiny solid at room temperature. physical property
C. It is easily etched by nitric acid. chemical property
D. It melts when heated to 670°C. physical property
E. It is 31.7 centimeters long. physical property
F. It is a good heat conductor. physical property
G. It burns in air. chemical property
H. It is a good conductor of electrical energy. physical property

20. Chapter 1 Extended Response
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Extended Response
12. Describe the difference between a chemical change and a physical change. Give one example of each kind of change.
Answer: In a chemical change, one or more substances are converted into different substances. A physical change does not involve a change in the identity of the substance or substances present. Examples of each kind of change will vary.

21. Chapter 1 Extended Response
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 1
Extended Response
13. Describe general properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
Answer:
metals: shiny; good conductors of heat; good conductors of electricity; malleable or ductile; most are solids at room temperature
nonmetals: poor conductors of heat; poor conductors of electricity; many are gases at room temperature; those that are solids are brittle rather than malleable or ductile
metalloids: properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals; less malleable than metals but not as brittle as solid nonmetals; most are semiconductors of electricity