Bellringer: 11/13 and 11/16 Take out your notes on Chapter 5, Section 2 (pages 115-119) for a Reading Check today. Make sure you have something to write with as well.

Warm-Up: 11/13 and 11/16 Ruled by a group of people in power Identify which form of government each statement could be talking about. There may be more than one answer for some. Ruled by a group of people in power Has a head of state elected by the people Uses military or martial law to increase power Ruler gets power through inheritance People in power are noble by birth Little to no representation by the people in gov’t

Table of Contents Update: 56: Notes on Athens and Sparta 57: AP Text Reading Questions: Athens and Sparta

Agenda: 11/13 and 11/16 Bellringer Athens vs. Sparta Overview: GRAPES Notes AP Text Reading + Questions : Athens and Sparta In-Depth Review of Greek Forms of Government/Athens vs. Sparta (quiz next class)

Homework 11/13 and 11/16: Study for quiz next class. Review the following: Greek Forms of Government Notes Government Concepts Chart Athens and Sparta GRAPES Chart

Athens vs. Sparta

G E O G R A P H Y

Geography in Athens City-state on the Peninsula of Attica Port city – what does this mean for its location on the peninsula? Mediterranean climate

Geography in Sparta City-state on Peloponnesus Landlocked, harsh Located in region of Laconia On a large plain and protected by mountains Fairly temperate but very dry.

RELIGION

Religion and Values in Athens Mythology – Athena (patron god of Athens) Values = Family, loyalty, modesty, respect for the gods Political participation Arts and literature, intelligence, education

Religion and Values in Sparta Mythology – Ares Values = Strength, loyalty, duty, respect for the gods War (or childbirth for women)

Discussion: Why do the gods favored by each city-state (Athens vs. Sparta) make sense? How does it relate to their overall culture and values?

ACHIEVEMENTS

Achievements/Advancements in Athens Democracy Prosperity Buildings and Architecture (Parthenon) Philosophers (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle)

Achievements/Advancements in Sparta War-minded society = achievements in war Expansion Land reform aimed at equalizing wealth among its citizens Public Education Weapons

POLITICAL

Political/Government in Athens Monarchy originally Moves to Democracy: rule by the people What other characteristics make a government a democracy?

Political/Government in Sparta Oligarchy: a government ruled by a few powerful people Technically 2 kings in power What other characteristics make a government an oligarchy?

ECONOMIC

Economy in Athens Dependent on trade and agriculture Near the sea (port city, remember?) = easy to trade with other city-states and foreign lands Traded: Honey, olive oil, silver, painted pottery Got in return: Grain, wood Agora: open air marketplace where merchants sold their goods Had its own coin system (Athena on one side, her symbol, the owl, on the other)  Athens was nearby the sea and was therefore able to trade with other city-states and foreign lands. They traded: honey, olive oil, silver, and painted pottery. In return, they received items such as grain and wood. In Athens, there was a huge marketplace called the agora. The agora was like a Greek farmer's market. Merchants sold their goods and people bought their: onions, olive oil, wine; and pottery, furniture, lamps; and sandals and jewelry at the agora. Like a majority of the other city-states, Athens made its own coin system to make trading easier. Coins were made out of gold, silver, and bronze. On one side, their would be a picture of Athena. The other side had Athena's sacred bird, the owl.

Economy in Sparta Dependent on agriculture, conquering other people Didn’t have enough land to sustain its population = need more land through conquest Slaves (helots) used to produce goods Did not encourage much trade No real coinage system, used iron bars as payment when they had to trade  perioikoi

SOCIAL

Social in Athens Had slaves (similarity with Sparta) Military service optional Citizens = landowning men Slaves and women could not be citizens Women = seen as “second-class citizens” “Out of sight, out of mind”

Social in Sparta Slaves (helots) Perioikoi (non-citizens) Women’s rights (right to inherit and right to public education) Rigid social structure Mandatory military service  perioikoi

Athens vs. Sparta

Introducing the AP Text… Today, you will read a short section from an AP level textbook like the one you’ll have next year if you choose to go to AP World. Please read the excerpt from the textbook that deals with city-states, Athens, and Sparta. As you read, please answer the questions as you come across the answer.