1. Ancient Greece
B.C.E.

2. Geography
Greece is a peninsula about the size of Louisiana in the Mediterranean Sea.
It’s very close to Egypt, the Persian empire (includes Turkey) and Rome.

3. Greek geography Greece is mountainous
Greek communities often times developed independently because of the mountains, thus they were diverse
As a result, they fought each other a lot.

4. Greek religion was polytheistic.

5. Greek Mythology
Mythology - a collection of myths, belonging to a particular religious or cultural tradition.
Greek mythology centers around a group of gods called the Olympians
So called because they supposedly live on the mountain of Olympus

6. Greek City-States
Because Greece is made up of many islands, and has many tall mountains, the Greeks began to build city-states instead of one country.
A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money.
City-states were cities that acted like countries.

7. Sparta Sparta was a Greek city-state.
Sparta was very powerful and had its own army.
Sparta conquered other city-states to gain wealth and power.
There were three classes of people in Sparta.
Citizens, non-citizens, and slaves.

8. Sparta
Sparta was an isolated city-state that was culturally and politically different from Athens.
Sparta was an oligarchy, government ruled by a few. They had 2 kings.
During the Peloponnesian war Sparta sacked Athens.

9. Sparta Spartan society was obsessed with war.
Boys were sent to military school at a young age.
Boys who are born deformed are left to die on mountainsides

10. Spartan Government: Monarchial Oligarchy
Government ruled by a Council= made up of  2 kings and 28 nobles who made most political decisions
Spartan government was considered one of the most stable in all of Ancient Greece
led to a warrior and military state 
state above individual
Aries- God of war was a patron god of the city, of wars, battles, and warriors, and also of fearlessness in battle.

11. Athens Athens was another important Greek city-state.
The people of Athens wanted to rule themselves and not have a king or queen.
Athens became the world’s first democracy around 508 B.C.
A democracy is a government in which all citizens can vote and have equal say in what happens.

12. Athens
Athenians were tough but were encouraged to engage in activities like art, philosophy, music.

13. Daily Life in Sparta MEN
At 30 men became citizens and could vote in Assembly, marry, own a house
Educated in reading, fitness and use of weapons
Boys started military training at the age of 7; joined military at age of 20; end of military service at the age of 60
Soldiers given land which was farmed by the helots
\WOMEN
Girls taught reading and writing
Participated in running and wresting, foot races, staged battles
Wives of Spartan soldiers supervised farms
Expected and driven to produce strong and healthy children and be loyal to the state
Spartan women could own and control property but held no political rights
SLAVES
•Slaves were called helots (agricultural slaves / peasants) made up 2/3 of population
Attempted revolt in 640 BCE but was crushed

14. Daily Life in Athens MEN
Only men could be citizens; men ran government
Advancements in culture, thinking, literature, philosophy, wealth, expansion, trade
Reliance on slaves and women opened up free time for men to discuss philosophy and participate in politics
WOMEN
Women could not vote, hold office or own property and did mostly household duties
Education involved spinning, weaving and domestic arts
At 15 years old, girls were considered ready for marriage
SLAVES
Ratio of slaves to free men was quite high as historians estimate that as much as 40% of people in Athens area were slaves
Slaves were household servants; had few rights; some could gain freedom from generous owners