Chapter 10 World War I ■#1 Outbreak of World War I

■Essential Question: –What caused World War I? –Why was the U.S. unable to remain neutral in this conflict? ■Warm-Up Question ■Warm-Up Question: –How did the Spanish-American War impact the United States? –How did Theodore Roosevelt “build” the Panama Canal?

The Outbreak of World War I ■The outbreak of WWI in 1914 was a test for America’s new foreign policy –The USA was an imperial power after the Spanish-American War –The U.S. built the Panama Canal, used the Roosevelt Corollary to control Latin America, & created the Open Door Policy in China –But, the USA maintained a policy of neutrality in European affairs

MILITARISM ALLIANCES IMPERIALISM NATIONALISM What caused World War I?

By the 20 th century, European powers began to glorify war as a means to accomplish their goals Britain, France, Germany developed modern armies & navies, leading to an arms race in Europe Militarism

Germany, Austria- Hungary, & Italy made up the Triple Alliance England, France, & Russia made up the Triple Entente Alliances & Imperialism Increasing militarism led nations to form powerful alliances in case of war As European nations gained imperial colonies, competition led to rivalries

Pre-War Alliance Network

Nationalism Feelings of nationalism led strong countries to want to gain more power & led many weaker nations to want to re-define their boundaries Nationalism was strong in the Balkans, where Serbia hoped to unite with Austrian Slavs In 1914, Serbian terrorists assassinated Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The assassination sparked World War I The Western Front The Eastern Front The Allied Powers The Central Powers

?? The Great War quickly became the first “world war”

American Neutrality ■When World War I began in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson declared U.S. neutrality But by 1917, the USA entered WWI as an Allied Power… WHY?

America Enters the War ■By 1917, the USA entered WWI as an Allied Power because: –German unrestricted submarine warfare violated U.S. free trade –Germany’s Zimmerman Telegram offered to return the Mexican Cession if Mexico invaded the USA –President Wilson hoped to stop the Central Powers & make the world “safe for democracy” ■The USA declared war in April 1917 Americans were killed when the Lusitania, Sussex, & Arabic sank