THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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Presentation transcript:

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, air & tissues

NOSE & MOUTH Entryway for air

PHARYNX Common pathway for food and air

EPIGLOTTIS Flap that closes off the trachea when swallowing (prevents choking)

LARYNX Voice box containing vocal cords

TRACHEA Tube lined with cartilage rings (carries air to lungs) trachea

BRONCHI & BRONCHIOLES Branch off from trachea into lung bronchioles

ALVEOLI Grape-like air sacs responsible for exchanging gases with the blood

LUNGS Have large surface area for gas exchange HEALTHY LUNG LUNG CANCER EMPHYSEMA

DIAPHRAGM Muscular sheet that contracts to bring air into & relaxes to push air out of the lung

NOSE PHARYNX MOUTH EPIGLOTTIS LARYNX BRONCHIOLES TRACHEA ALVEOLI LUNGS DIAPHRAGM BRONCHI

Mechanisms of Breathing Inhalation Exhalation Air out Air in Ribs fall Ribs rise Diaphragm Mechanisms of Breathing

ASTHMA narrowing of bronchial tubes and swelling of the mucous membranes. (allergy-related)

Alveoli loose their elasticity 5. Alveoli loose their elasticity (stay filled w/air after exhaling)

Diseases caused by smoking:

The 411 on Tobacco 1. Ingredients - cyanide - carbon monoxide - nicotine (addictive drug that stimulates nervous system)

In regular respiration, O2 (oxygen) hooks onto hemoglobin in the blood & is transported to the body. When smoke is inhaled, O2 is replaced by CO – carbon monoxide (which is toxic).