Done by the senior teacher Shvalova G.V. English and Technical Communication Department.

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Done by the senior teacher Shvalova G.V. English and Technical Communication Department.

 Gerund is a non finite form of the verb. It contains the properties of a verb and a noun. Heat 1 → to heat 2 →heating 3 тепло→нагревать→нагревание(процесс) V+ing

 It may be in the sentence: Reading is useful.(подл.) I like reading.(доп.) A book for reading.. (опр.) You can help me by reading the book.(обст.)

 Gerund is used after the verbs: Like hate enjoy Dislike love mind I like cooking (enjoyment) I like to cook (I find it good or right) I dislike doing home assignments.

Avoidescapeforgive Considerexcuseinclude Delayfancyinvolve Denymindmiss Riskjustify resent(негодовать) Practicefinishpostpone

Can’t stand doing Can’t help laughing It’s no good/use expressing It goes without saying There is no denying it (спору нет) In the habit of doing smth.

Существительным или неопределенной формой глагола; Существ. с предлогом и без предлога. 1.The study included developing a model of the existing system. 2.Creating a new table means placing a description of the table in the system catalogues.

“OF” stands after the defining word. e.g. The computer must have a means of selecting particular program. “IN” –при e.g In determining the specific air capacity…. “BY” – путем, с помощью, за счет. (ая, яя) By doing the experiment…. “ON” – после.

The experiment is performed only on detecting the target.  STOP╁ GERUND means the GERUND activity stops.(перестать ч.либо делать)  E.g.I stopped doing the work because the working day is over.  STOP╁ the INFINITIVE means the infinitive activity starts.  E.g. He stopped to zip up the coat of the bad weather.(чтобы…)

Jenny Dooley, Virginia Evans “Grammarway 3”, Unit 4; Raymond Murphy “English Grammar in Use” Unit 56.