1. V erb patterns Objective: learn about gerunds and infinitives

2. Gerunds and Infinitives

3. What is a gerund? How is a gerund formed? verb + ing Smoking is not good for our health. He enjoys playing the violin. They are interested in reading tabloids. subject object after a preposition

4. go + gerund We often use this to describe activities such as shopping, fishing, skiing, swimming, and camping. go + gerund We often use this to describe activities such as shopping, fishing, skiing, swimming, and camping. camping Where did you use to go camping when you were a kid?

5. H ow to form negative gerunds? use not + gerund Not speaking English well is my biggest problem.

6. Verbs that usually take Gerunds adoreadore avoidavoid can‘t standcan‘t stand considerconsider enjoyenjoy finishfinish hatehate preferprefer riskrisk suggestsuggest likelike lovelove (not) mind(not) mind give upgive up + ing We risked entering the contest.

7. How do you form an infinitive? I agreed to have dinner with someone from my English class.I agreed to have dinner with someone from my English class. And he also wanted to borrow money from me for the check.And he also wanted to borrow money from me for the check. to+ base form of the verb How do you make an infinitive negative? not not to have not to borrow

8. Verbs that take infinitives Verb + to infinitives – Verb + to infinitives – afford, agree, choose, decide, expect, help, learn, manage, need, offer, promise, refuse, want, would like, would prefer, etc. agreedto meet e.g. They agreed to meet at 6 p.m. Verb + object + to infinitive – Verb + object + to infinitive – advise, allow, beg, expect, invite, need, order, tell, want, would like, would prefer, etc. advised e.g. Jane advised her brother to follow her advice. Verbs + object + to infinitive – Verbs + object + to infinitive – help, let, make helped e.g. Tom helped me do the project. let My daddy let his son go to the disco. made My brother made me do the dishes.

9. Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different. tried She tried cooking this new dish. (experimented) tried Firefighters tried to jack up the car and take off a wheel. (did their best) Remember Forget Stop Try

10. stoppedsmoking stopped to smoke. She stopped smoking. ( finish / give up) On his way home he stopped to smoke. (interrupt an activity to do smth) Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different. Remember Forget Stop Try

11. forgot They forgot buying bread. (a memory) forgot They forgot to buy bread. (smth you need to do) Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different. Remember Forget Stop Try remembered She remembered reading the poem. (a memory) remembered She remembered to read the poem. (smth you need to do )

12. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. I enjoy _______ Chinese food. (eat ) They suggested _____ a picnic by the river. (have) He promised _____his homework. (do) She learned _____the piano last year. (play ) We practised _____ the ball into the goal. (hit) She wants ____ psychology when she’s older. (study) We decided ______ a movie on television. (see) eating having to do to play hitting to study to see

13. Everyone loves ________ to parties. (go) I want _______ a doctor. (become) It began _______. (rain) I continued ______ in the library. (work) We enjoy ______ to Italy for our holidays.(go) I really dislike _________ in traffic. (wait) I decided _________ to Egypt for vacation.( go) My friend told me ________ her at 8:00, but she wasn’t there. (meet) She couldn‘t help ______. (laugh) I don‘t mind _______ the kitchen. (clean) He made his brother ______ the bin.(empty) going to become raining working going waiting to go to meet laughing cleaning empty

14. Read this holiday advertisement. Use the verbs in brackets, in the correct form, to complete the information. Have you decided where (1) ______ (go) on holiday this year? We promise (2) _______ (help) you decide. Do you enjoy (3) ______ (cycle) in the countryside and (4) ______ (walk) in the mountains? If you fancy (5) _______ (escape) from the crowds and (6) ________ (do) something different, and you don’t mind (7) ________ (share) your holidays with others, we offer (8) ________ (show) you the most fantastic places. If you can’t afford (9) _________ (spend) a lot of money, don’t worry! We promise (10) ______ (beat) any price offered by our competitors. We always aim (11) _______ (give) our clients the best possible holiday experience. Contact us on 01632 960893 for more information about our fantastic range of holidays. And you just need (12) _________ (mention) this advertisement to get an extra discount!

15. Have you decided where (1) to go (go) on holiday this year? We promise (2) to help (help) you decide. Do you enjoy (3) cycling (cycle) in the countryside and (4) walking (walk) in the mountains? If you fancy (5) escaping (escape) from the crowds and (6) doing (do) something different, and you don’t mind (7) sharing (share) your holidays with others, we offer (8) to show (show) you the most fantastic places. If you can’t afford (9) to spend (spend) a lot of money, don’t worry! We promise (10) to beat (beat) any price offered by our competitors. We always aim (11) to give (give) our clients the best possible holiday experience. Contact us on 01632 960893 for more information about our fantastic range of holidays. And you just need (12) to mention ( mention) this advertisement to get an extra discount!