10/27/2015 Tell me what you know about one of the following Greek myths: Pandora’s Box Medusa Minotaur and the Maze Hercules

AGE OF PERICLES Pericles: leader in Athens Built power and wealth Extended empire Brought stability Athens led as a dictatorship to other city-states Discontent boiled, Tensions grew, Quarrels began

PELOPONNESIAN WAR War broke out between Athens and Sparta Sparta had stronger army Athens had better navy Sparta couldn’t starve out Athens Athens attacked Sparta friends Persia stepped in to help Sparta and blocked food from Athens Result – Greece was politically unstable!

GREEK ART OF THE GOLDEN AGE

Architecture  Athenians loved beauty, so they built temples, theaters, sculptures  On way to Acropolis:  Gate with bronze statue of Athena  Parthenon  White marble temple for Athena  Perfectly balanced proportions  Colonnade: series of columns  Inside was a 38 foot tall statue of Athena

Painting  Most paintings were done on vases  A lot of the paintings didn’t last so knowledge comes from written descriptions  Depicted everyday life and myths of gods

Sculpture  Also didn’t last, but we know from Roman copies  Early on they were like Egyptian statues=stiff  Later they made them very fluid Myron-The Discus ThrowerPhidias-Zeus at the Temple of Olympia

The Nature of Greek Art  Art expresses Greek ideals by 4 things: 1. Glorified human beings  Strength, intelligence, pride, grace, and courage 2. Symbolized pride in the city-states 3. Beliefs in harmony, balance, order, and simplicity 4. Beliefs in combining beauty and usefulness  Example: Greek Vases

Mythology Vase Response While the groups are presenting, complete the following on your own piece of paper: Title Summary of the story What did you think of the story

10/28/2014 “If you can dream it, you can do it.” -Walt Disney What is one of your dreams or goals in life?

PHILOSOPHERS AND WRITERS OF THE GOLDEN AGE

Rise of Philosophy  Philosophy:  Study of basic questions of reality and human existence  Philosopher:  Lover of wisdom

Socrates  Believed that education=key to personal growth  Students should be trained to think for themselves  Criticized democracy saying that unskilled people should not hold positions of power  His enemies lied and said Socrates had denied Greek Gods and his teaching were corrupt, so he was found guilty and executed

Plato  A wealthy student of Socrates  Founded the Academy: a school in Athens for teaching philosophy  He wrote dialogues: imaginary discussions among several people  The Republic – His perfect society where philosophers ruled

Aristotle  Collected, described, and classified species  Ethics – his book on what makes people happy  He thought that the best government was a combination of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy

Mathematics, Medicine, and Science  Pythagoras - Pythagorean Theorem  Hippocrates - founder of medical science  Disease comes from natural causes  Rest, fresh air, proper diet are cure for anything  Hippocratic Oath - present day promise of Doctors  Greeks believed in objectivity and reason instead of superstition

History  Greece was first society to actually write history  Herodotus - Father of History  Thucydides - By studying past we can understand human nature

Greek Theater  Dramas: Plays containing action or dialogue and involving conflict and emotion  Tragedies: Main character struggled against fate, or events and they usually died  Example: Oedipus Rex  Comedies: Made fun of ideas and people