1. VII. Philosophers & Writers Philosophy: the study of basic questions of reality and human existence

2. A. Socrates 1. Education is key to personal growth 2. Socratic Method - learning through questioning

3. B. Plato 1. Student of Socrates 2. Founded Academy 3. Wrote dialogues 4. Theory of Forms a. Material things were imperfect expressions of perfect & universal things

4. 5. Religious philosophy a. “Divine worker” - God b. Realm of perfection separate from reality c. Reincarnation - reunite soul & form

5. 6. Government 1. Republic a. Views of perfect society b. Aristocracy - rule by upper class c. Ruler - philosopher 1) Wisdom 2) Ability 3) High ideals

6. C. Aristotle 1. Student of Plato 2. Everything studied logically a. Organization system: classification 3. Ethics - what brings happiness 4. Poetics - analyzed Greek plays

7. 5. Politics a. Corruptible b. Limited Democracy

8. D. Writing history 1. Herodotus - Father of History a. 1 st Western historian b. Noted observed vs. retold 2. Thucydides a. History of the Peloponnesian War b. Past helps understanding of human nature (accurate)

9. E. Drama - plays containing action or dialogue; involve conflict or emotion 1. Men only 2. Chorus - narrators 3. Orchestra - “stage” 4. Coincided w/ festivals (Great Dionysia)

10. 5. Tragedies - struggle against fate a. Hubris - sin of pride b. Aeschylus - religion (gods & people) c. Sophocles - Greek values 1) Oedipus Rex d. Euripides - realist 1) The Trojan Women

11. 6. Comedies - made fun of people & ideas a. Aristophanes - sharp wit, antiwar 1) Clouds - poked fun at Socrates