Japan, Ottoman Empire, Russia Wannabees Japan, Ottoman Empire, Russia

Explain the significance of this photo. Samurai 1600’s

Let’s Go Back In Time… Tokugawa Period (1600-1868) ___________________ Ruled by Shogun Capital City of Edo (Tokyo) Centralized feudalism Himeji Castle: Built in 1600s Rigid Social Structure Belief Systems Shintoism - Zen Buddhism - Prohibited Christianity

Geography of Japan What geographic features enabled Japan to pursue a policy of isolationism? What are some positives and negatives of the geography of Japan?

Japanese Social Structure Emperor Shogun Daimyo Samurai Farmers Artisans Merchants

1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

Shogun Out, Emperor in, Westerners Out!!

Japan Learns a Lesson! In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai… The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

Emergence of the Emperor Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji. The Shogunate was defeated and a new emperor named __________was proclaimed. Mutsuhito This period is known as the Meiji Restoration– Meiji meaning ______________. enlightened rule Over the next generation the whole society and its institutions were transformed to serve the needs of _____________. modernization

Changes During The Meiji Restoration Major Changes: Abolished feudalism Eliminated samurai armies Reformed education Created a centralized gov’t and encouraged loyalty to the emperor Japan's 1st Western-style constitution (1889), followed by the country's first elected Diet. Fukoku Kyohei: “Enrich the country and strengthen the military” Emperor promises to institute political and social reforms and work to strengthen the nation. Adopted Western technology Opened up trade (ended isolation)

Meiji Restoration Traditional cultural Western ____________ was adopted which allowed the Japanese to fully ______________ in less than 50 years. By the end of the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese no longer feared that they would be _____________. Rather, they set out to practice imperialism themselves to obtain power and ________ __________. Japan was quickly emerging as a world-class power using western technology and methods while still maintaining its ___________ _________ values. Technology Industrialize imperialized Natural resources Traditional cultural

Background to Russian Industrialization Russia Rocks!!! Crimean War 1854-1854, Russia is _______________ Convinces the Czar it is time to ________ __________________ are emancipated in 1861. Zemstvos- humiliated Change!!! Serfs

Russian Industrialization Sergei Witte- Russia built railroads, textile mills, Russian Industrial Rev. was limited because its lack of educated, independent artisans and entrepenuers

Trans-Siberian Railroad

Ottoman Empire: Tanzimat reforms attempts to Westernize Ottoman Empire Reforms attempted to move civil law away from the control of the religious elites & make military and bureaucracy more efficient Reorganization Mustafa Resid Pasha

Examples of change during the Tanzimat Reforms No tax on non-Muslims Public trials and equal protection of the law Modernizing the military with new technology Equalized the eligibility of men for conscription

Tanzimat Era of Self-Strengthening New Birth Hatt-i Sharif The period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that lasted from 1839 to 1876 is known as the: Tanzimat Era of Self-Strengthening New Birth Hatt-i Sharif © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

EXPLANATION: The period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that lasted from 1839 to 1876 is known as the: Tanzimat In 1839, under pressure from imperial bureaucrats who had studied in Europe, the sultan issued a decree, called the Hatt-i Sharif of Gülhane, that attempted to reorganize the empire’s administration and military along European lines. This decree opened what became known as the Tanzimat (meaning reorganization) era of the Ottoman Empire, lasting from 1839 to 1876. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

In 1894 Captain Alfred Dreyfus was found guilty of: passing secrets to the Germans embezzling funds from the French army conducting unauthorized secret talks with Russia crimes against humanity © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

In 1894 Captain Alfred Dreyfus was found guilty of: passing secrets to the Germans embezzling funds from the French army conducting unauthorized secret talks with Russia crimes against humanity © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

zasus dumas zemstvos soviets The new Russian provincial and county councils organized in 1864 were known as: zasus dumas zemstvos soviets © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

Compare & contrast the Russian Empire to Ottoman Empire. Both autocratic Both had agricultural economies Both wanted to have Western style economic development.

Who is Karl Marx? 19th century philosopher who developed a socialist theory with Friedrich Engles due to the conditions of the Industrial Revolution, Believed capitalism was evil Bourgoisie are always exploiting the proletariat(poor) Influenced revolutions in Russia, China, Vietnam. Korea