1. Japan Modernizes
HWH UNIT 8
CHAPTER 13.1

2. Japan Before Western Imperialism
Shogunate
Feudal society
Emperor at the top (largely symbolic)
Shoguns (military dictators) ruled
Daimyo: landholding warrior class
Samurai: Fought for the Daimyo

4. Feudalism in Europe and Japan
King
Lord
Vassals
Knights
Peasants
Emperor
Shogun
Daimyo
Samurai
Peasants
Feudalism in Europe and Japan

5. The Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1868)
Tokugawa Ieyasu ( )
The First Tokugawa shogun
Capital in Edo (now Tokyo)
Rigid feudal hierarchy
Conservative: emphasized farming and traditional culture over trade and modernization
Attitude toward the West: Sakoku
“Closed Country”
All Westerners expelled (except a few Dutch traders)
Jesuit missionaries caused Xenophobia

6. The Arrival of the West and the Collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate
Commodore Matthew Perry, 1853
Sailed to Japan and demanded trade
Treaty of Kanagawa: Opened Japan to the US
Soon Europeans gained access
Extraterritoriality
Spheres of Influence

7. The Arrival of the West and the Collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate
1867: The Shogunate is overthrown
“Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians”
Anti-Tokugawa slogan
1868: The emperor is “restored”

9. The Meiji Restoration Emperor Meiji “Rich Nation, Strong Military”
“Japanese Spirit, Western Technology”
Abolished the old feudal system
Industrialized and modernized
Iwakura Mission: government officials travel to the West

10. “The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners
“The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.”
-Japanese Official after visiting China, 1862

12. Meiji Reforms Modern Military Modern Navy Westernized education
Written Constitution (1889)
Intensified emperor worship
Abolition of feudal system
Modern banking

13. Industrialization in Meiji Japan
Government-sponsored capitalism
Zaibatsu: rich industrial families
Government helped establish business, family kept the profit

14. Japan Becomes Imperialist
1876: Japan forces Korea to trade
1894: Sino-Japanese War
China and Japan go to war over Korea
Treaty of Shimonoseki
Japan gains land and influence in China
1905: Russo-Japanese War
1910: Japan annexes Korea