Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Part I: Structure of Matter

Structure of Matter Biochemistry Matter Elements Compounds

Structure of Matter Bulk elements- Trace elements- Ultratrace elements-

Atomic Structure Atoms Nucleus Electrons Protons Neutrons Fig. 2.1

Atomic Structure ●Atomic Number ● Atomic Mass (Weight)

Isotopes –Stable Isotopes –Unstable Isotopes O, I, Fe, P, Co Radiation (α,β,γ)

Molecules and Compounds Molecule Molecular Formula Compound

Fig. 2.2

Bonding of Atoms Bonds Electron Shells

Fig. 2.3

Bonding of Atoms All atoms want to be stable, meaning… –Octet Rule –Inert atoms

Bonding of Atoms Ions Cation Anion Ionic Bonds

Fig. 2.4

Bonding of Atoms Covalent Bond

Fig. 2.5

Bonding of Atoms

Structural Formulas

Bonding of Atoms Polar Hydrogen Bonds

Figure 2.8

Clinical App. 2.1: Radioactive Isotopes Reveal Physiology Iodine-131 –1. –2. –3. Thallium-201 –1. –2. Cobalt-60 –1. –2.