1. Have out something with which to write. Hope your fingers/hands are ready to do some writtin’!

2. Basic Chemistry Chapter 2 Part 1

3. Matter and Energy Matter Anything that occupies space and has mass (weight) Give some examples of matter Energy The ability to do work What are some energy sources?

4. Types of Energy Chemical Stored in chemical bonds (such as food or gasoline) Electrical Movement of charged particles (electricity in your house) Mechanical Moving matter (legs moving bike pedals) Radiant Travels in waves (light energy)

5. Matter is the substance, energy is the mover of the substance

6. Quick Quiz What is the difference between Matter and Energy? Give an example of a source of Chemical Energy Give an example of mechanical energy

7. Composition of Living Matter Elements Fundamental units of matter Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, etc Found on the Periodic Table Each elements has a unique structure and chemical properties Atoms All Elements are made of Atoms Cannot be broken down into smaller substances

8. Atomic Structure Nucleus Protons (p + ) Positive Charge Neutrons (n 0 ) Neutral (no charge) Outside of Nucleus Electrons (e - ) Negative Charge

9. Draw an Atom and Label its parts

10. Quick Quiz What is the negatively charged particle in an atom called? Protons are ________ charged The nucleus of an atom consists of _________ and ________

11. Composition of Living Matter 96% of the body is made from four elements Carbon (C) Oxygen (O) Hydrogen (H) Nitrogen (N)

12. Identifying Elements Atomic Number Equal to the number of Protons in the atom Atomic Mass Number Sum of Protons and Neutrons

13. Identifying Elements

15. Quick Quiz What four elements make up most of the human body? What is Atomic Mass?

16. Molecules and Compounds Molecule Two or more of the same atom combined chemically O 2 Compound Two or more different atoms combined chemically H 2 O

17. Chemical Reactions Slide 2.8 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Atoms are united by chemical bonds Atoms dissociate from other atoms when chemical bonds are broken

18. Inert Elements Slide 2.11 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Have complete valence shells and are stable Rule of 8s Shell 1 has 2 electrons Shell 2 has 10 electrons 10 = 2 + 8 Shell 3 has 18 electrons 18 = 2 + 8 + 8 Figure 2.4a

19. Reactive Elements Slide 2.12 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Valence shells are not full and are unstable Tend to gain, lose, or share electrons Allows for bond formation, which produces stable valence Figure 2.4b

20. Chemical Bonds Ionic Bonds Form when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another Ions Charged Particles Anions are negatively charged particles Cations are positively charged particles Either donate or accept electrons

21. Chemical Bonds Covalent Bonds Are formed when two atoms share electrons

22. Examples of Covalent Bonds Slide 2.15 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 2.6a, b

23. Blackman’s easy example of each. Covalent- sugar Ionic- Salt

24. Chemical Bonds Hydrogen Bonds Weak Chemical Bonds Hydrogen is attracted to the negative part of a polar molecule Provides attraction between molecules

25. Quick Quiz What is the difference between a molecule and a compound? What is an Ionic bond? What is a Covalent bond? What are Hydrogen bonds?

26. Assignment Find the info for the following atoms: Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, or Nitrogen Draw a picture of each atom Color and Label the Protons, Neutrons & Electrons Draw its Periodic Table Box (p. 542) Include the Letter, Atomic Mass, and Atomic Number For each atom, draw either an cation or anion of the atom Color and Label the Protons, Neutrons & Electrons Draw your own unique example of the following bonds: Non-polar covalent Polar covalent Ionic bond