Lecture 1 The Origins of the International State System.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Central European Monarchs Clash

Advertisements

The Thirty Years War Victory for Religious Freedom Or A Worthless Endeavor?

2501 THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

The Thirty-Years War Presented by: Kyiana Williams

Brian Little Per.6.  The war was against the Protestant Union and the Catholic League  The Protestant Union was made up mostly of Lutherans and Calvinists.

LECTURE 1: ORIGINS OF THE GLOBAL POLITICAL SYSTEM.

Key Terms  Nationalism: A set of ideas that help distinguish people from one another. Loyalty or devotion to one’s nation  Patriotism: Pride in a nation’s.

Phases of the Thirty Years’ War. Bohemian Period of the Thirty Years’ War Catholics name Ferdinand II as Holy Roman Emperor, who immediately revokes religious.

Major Ideologies of IR Goldstein, Joshua A & Pevehouse, John C. International Relations. 9 th Ed Update. Pearson.

Central European Monarchs Clash Chapter 21, Section 3.

The Peace of Westphalia

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Absolute Monarchs in Europe Central European Monarchs and Absolute Rulers of Russia.

Thirty Years War The Peace of Augsburg brought a temporary truce to the German states and recognized Lutheranism and Catholicism but Calvinism was demanding.

Central European Monarchs Clash

JoannaPhilip (son of Maximilian HRE) Charles VIsabella of Portugal Philip II Ferdinand I Maximilian II Rudolf II Spanish Hapsburgs Mathius.

Central European Monarchs Clash Too much drama!. The Thirty Years’ War Conflict was inevitable b/c of the Peace of Augsburg Both Catholics AND Lutherans.

Central European Monarchs Clash: The Hapsburg Family

Central European Monarchs Clash

Central European Monarchs Clash Mr. Green. Who Will Be Involved? Germanic States, Sweden, and France vs. Spain, Austria, and Holy Roman Empire Where are.

International Relations

IR 501 Lecture Notes (2) Realism

Realism. Assumptions  States: unitary, rational actors -Treaty of Westphalia (1648)  Anarchy: no central government  Survival: primary objective 

GO131: International Relations Professor Walter Hatch Colby College.

Objectives Outline the causes and results of the Thirty Years’ War.

WORLD HISTORY II Chapter 4: The Age of Absolutism

The Thirty Years War.

+ The Thirty Years War Religious Wars’ Grand Finale 2.8.

The Thirty Years’ War ( )

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Rise of Austria and Prussia.

The Emergence of the Modern State

The Thirty Years War ( )  The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants.

Do Now Why did wars take so long back before the start of the 20 th Century? The simple reason is that gun powder does not work well if wet or even damp.

The Thirty Years’ War ( ) The Peace of Augsburg did not extend recognition to non-Lutheran Protestants First continent-wide war in modern.

Team ATeam BTeam C Paul Kennedy.

The Thirty Years’ War Chapter 15. V. Thirty Years’ War ( ): most important war of the 17 th century A. Failure of Peace of Augsburg (1555) 1.Agreement.

Outline of Course: Security and International Relations Theory and Practice The course is divided into three parts –1) Part one explains why the nation-state.

Political Concepts An Introduction To Political Theory and Statehood.

Sides Protestant France Sweden Dutch Danes German States – Palatinate (SW Germany) – Bohemia Catholic Spain Holy Roman Empire German States – Bavaria.

The Thirty Years War ► The Thirty Years War began in 1618 and ended in 1648 ► It was a religious conflict between the Protestants and Catholics.

ORIGINS OF GOVERNMENT September 15, 2015 Objectives: To develop an understanding HOW governments began.

The Thirty Years’ War The FIRST continent-wide war in modern history!!!! Culmination of religious wars from the 16 th century!!!! And it ends.

Cultural, Political, & Religious Effects of the Division Between Protestantism & Catholicism.

Chapter 22: Nationalism and Imperialism ( ) 22.5 – The Effect of Imperialism on Asia.

Nunc Agenda: Last group will perform Peter the Great skit.

The Effects of Reformation in France and Germany.

Rise of Austria and Prussia Chapter 16, Section 4.

Chapter 21 Section 3 Central European Monarchs Clash.

› Lutheran and Catholic Princes try to gain followers -> religious conflict › Both sides feel threatened by Calvinism that is spreading › Lutherans.

Central European Monarchs Clash Disagreements between monarchs across Europe led to the Thirty Years’ War ( ).

Intensive Readings in International Relations Fall 2006 Peking University Instructor: Ji Mi ( 吉宓）

THE THIRTY YEARS WAR. Background  Beginning of the 17 th century  Dealt with religious differences between the Catholics and Protestants.

Birth of modern state and the formation of “Europe”

The Thirty Years War.

The Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Introduction to Global Politics

World Politics Under a system of Anarchy

The Thirty Years War (It lasted 30 years)

The Thirty Years War Section 5-3.

Objectives Outline the causes and results of the Thirty Years’ War.

Question: How did the Thirty Years War reshape Europe?

The 30 years war By sebi.

Rise of Austria and Prussia

Rise of Austria and Prussia

Rise of Austria and Prussia

Introduction to Global Politics

Theories of International Relations

English School ( International society)

Presentation transcript:

Lecture 1 The Origins of the International State System

Origins of the International State System Modern state System Originated in the 30 Years’ War ( ). War of Political Authority: –Where did final political authority reside? –Who Would Control Land and Taxation? –To Whom would Tax Revenues Accrue? Four Central Actors –Catholic Church –The Habsburgs, Controlling the Holy Roman Empire. –Local Princes in Germany –Other Great Powers, Particularly France and Sweden.

Holy Roman Empire

The War : Habsburgs crush Protestants in Germany : Sweden intervenes against Habsburgs, led by Gustavos Adolphus and supported by France. –Both have the same goal: if Habsburgs dominate Germany, their independence is imperiled. As Cardinal Richelieu states: “If Germany is lost, France cannot exist.” –Gustavus crushes Habsburgs in a series of battles in , but is killed in a battle in September : France invades Germany to finish off the Habsburgs. Very Costly War—estimated that about half of the German population killed.

Treaty of Westphalia, 1648 Victory for German Princes Over: –Catholic Church –Habsburg Empire Gave Individual Rulers in Holy Roman Empire: –the Right to Govern their Land Free of External Interference. –Keep any Land They Had Confiscated From Church Broader Importance: –Ended Imperial Unity and Unity Under Catholic Church As Organizing Principle For Europe. –Evolved into Modern Principle of Sovereignty: “Supreme and independent political authority of the nation-state within its own territory.”

The Anarchic International System Sovereignty Creates an Anarchic International State System: Politics in the Absence of a Higher Authority. Politics in the Absence of Strong Political Institutions that Provide a Monopoly on Coercive Force and Legitimacy to the Political Process. Anarchy is the Central Condition of International Politics.

Two Theories of Politics Under Anarchy Realism Vs. Liberalism

Realism Roots in Thucydides’ Account of the Peloponnesian War ( BC) Modern Origins in 17 th and 18 th Century Political Theory –Hobbes (1651), Machiavelli Draws a Very Sharp Distinction Between the Ordered Nature of Politics within Nations and the Dis-ordered Nature of Politics Between Nations Very Pessimistic Perspective on International Politics Interaction under Anarchy is Equivalent to Life in a State of Nature Resulting International State System is a War of All Against All. International Politics is Dominated by Fighting or Preparing to Fight Wars

Liberalism Has its Origins in Late 18 th Century Enlightenment Thought –John Locke; Immanuel Kant; J.J. Rousseau Inspired by Modern Notion of Progress and Human Ability to Control Nature Draws a Less-Sharp Distinction Between Domestic and International Politics Relatively Hopeful (if not optimistic) Perspective on International Politics. Fear Will Cause Governments to Combine Independent Nations into Larger Political Units. Process of Political Integration Will Be Reinforced By International Economic Interdependence

Realism Vs. Liberalism Realism is Pessimistic; Emphasizing Enduring Nature of Anarchy that Cannot Be Altered. Liberalism is Hopeful; Emphasizing Human Ability to Alter its Environment By Creating New Political Institutions. More Than A Sterile Debate Among Political Theorists; One Can See the Interplay Between Realism and Liberalism in the Real World.

Realism and State Behavior Realism Has Been Used to Explain Why There is Sometimes War and Sometimes Peace Among the Great Powers. Realist Explanations of War and Peace Focus on the Balance of Power. How do Changes in the Balance of Power Affect the Probability of War and Peace?

Power Power as Influence. Power as Capability.

Great Powers by GNP (1998) United States$8 trillion China$4 or 2 trillion Japan$3 trillion Germany$1.5 trillion Russia$1 trillion France$1 trillion Britain$1 trillion

Military Spending Military Expenditures (Billions) Soldiers (Millions) United States$ Russia$401.3 China$352.9 France$500.4 Britain$350.2 Germany$400.4 Japan$500.2 % of World65 percent30 percent

The Nuclear Balance Great PowersSmaller Countries CountryWarheadsCountryWarheads U.S12,070India65 Russia22,500Pakistan15 China400Israel100 France450 Britain260