Civics The study of the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. Citizen a native or naturalized person who owes allegiance to a government and is entitled to protection from it Naturalization To grant citizenship to someone of foreign birth, or to acquire citizenship in an adopted country Allegiance Loyalty to a person, country or belief Law of Blood Principle in which citizenship is determined by parentage rather than by place of birth Law of Soil Principle in which citizenship is determined by place of birth rather than by parentage First Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, August 28 th PicturePersonal Clue… Name: _________________________ Due Friday, August 28th

Rights Privilege or claim to something; Responsibility Duties to other people, the government or society; an obligation Treason Act of betraying your country Bill of Rights 1 st Ten Amendments to the U.S. Constitution that the federal government must protect Selective Service System Male citizens between ages 18 and 26 must also register with the Selective Service System. In a time of national emergency, this agency is authorized to call up these citizens to serve in the Armed forces First Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, August 28thPicturePersonal Clue… My child has studied and thoroughly understands these word for Friday’s quiz. Parent Signature: _________________________________________

Resident -A non-citizen who is allowed live in the U.S. temporarily or permanently. -Residents do NOT have the full rights that come with citizenship. Immigrant -A person who migrates from his/her home country to another country, usually for permanent residence. Common Good -Something that is good for the community as a whole -Something that helps everyone in the community Philosophy -Love of wisdom -The study of the basic ideas about knowledge, right and wrong, religion, and the meaning of life State of Nature -A time before governments and laws were created -Similar to anarchy Enlightenment -A period of time ( ), when people developed new ideas about science, human rights and the level of control they should have over their governments. 3 rd ]Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, September 18th PicturePersonal Clue… Name: _________________________ Due Thursday, September 10 th

John Locke An English philosopher whose ideas about government influenced our founding fathers. Many of Locke’s ideas are in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Natural Rights (or Human Rights) -Locke believed that people are born with the right to life, liberty and property. Locke’s Purpose of Government -The purpose of government is to protect people’s natural rights through making and enforcing laws. Social Contract The people agree to abide by laws (which involves giving up some freedom) and the government agrees to protect peoples’ rights. Consent of the Governed Citizens of a country give their permission to be led by government officials. Voting for members of government 3 rd Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Thursday, September 10 th PicturePersonal Clue… My child has studied and thoroughly understands these word for a quiz on 09/18. Parent Signature: _________________________________________

Montesquieu A French Enlightenment philosopher who believed that the best form of government would have a separation of powers between 3 different branches. Each branch would also be able to limit the power of the other two branches. (checks and balances) Republicanism A form of government where a country’s leader is chosen by its citizens in a general election. Heredity A way of gaining a position of power (for example king or queen) because of family ties. Separation Of Powers When the government’s power is divided into different branches. Each branch has its own purpose. (for example, executive, judicial, legislative) Rule of Law The idea that all people must follow the laws and that the laws are enforced fairly. Self- Government People can make decisions on how their government should work. 4 th Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, September 18th PicturePersonal Clue… Name: _________________________ Due Friday, September 18 th

Montesquieu A French Enlightenment philosopher who believed that the best form of government would have a separation of powers between 3 different branches. Each branch would also be able to limit the power of the other two branches. (checks and balances) Republicanism A form of government where a country’s leader is chosen by its citizens in a general election. Heredity A way of gaining a position of power (for example king or queen) because of family ties. Separation Of Powers When the government’s power is divided into different branches. Each branch has its own purpose. (for example, executive, judicial, legislative) Rule of Law The idea that all people must follow the laws and that the laws are enforced fairly. Self- Government People can make decisions on how their government should work. 4 th Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, September 18th PicturePersonal Clue… Name: _________________________ Due Friday, September 18 th

Sovereignty Independent rule within a territory. State (country or nation) Body of people living in a defined space with the power to make and enforce laws and with an organization to do this. Autocracy A government in which one person has all the power. Absolute Monarchy A king or queen rules the country, usually power is inherited. Dictatorship One leader has absolute control over citizens’ lives. Constitutional Monarchy In a constitutional monarchy the king or queen shares power with elected officials. The king/queen’s power is limited by a constitution Name: _________________________ Period: ___________ Due Friday, October 2 nd.

Representative Democracy (Republic) Citizens elect leaders to represent their rights and interests in government. Direct Democracy There are no representatives. Citizens are directly involved in the day to day governing of the country. Anarchy (State of Nature) Living without laws or government. Oligarchy A small group of people have all the power. Constitution A detailed, written plan that explains powers and limitations for the government. 4 th Week Vocabulary – Quiz on Friday, October 2 nd PicturePersonal Clue… My child has studied and thoroughly understands these word for a quiz on 10/02. Parent Signature: _________________________________________

Constitution A detailed, written plan that explains powers and limitations for the government. Rule of Law The idea that all people must follow the laws and that the laws are enforced fairly. Separation of Power When the government’s power is divided into different branches. Each branch has its own purpose. (for example, executive, judicial, legislative) Consent of Governed Citizens of a country give their permission to be led by government officials. Voting for members of government Rights of the Minority Rights for a group of people that make up less than 50% of the population Limited Government A government that can do only what the people allow it to do. The government is bound by the laws in its constitution. Limited Government Vocabulary Name: _________________________ Due October 9 th Period: ___________

Legitimacy Lawful or legal government Order and Security Citizens feel safe during daily activities. Governments have procedures and consequences for those who break the law. Checks and Balances A system in which each branch of government is able to restrain the power of the other branches. This keeps one branch from becoming too powerful. Equal Application of the Law No one is above the law, not even elected officials. Due Process A requirement stated in the 5 th and 14 th amendments that treatment by state and federal governments that involve the life, liberty and property of individuals be reasonable, fair and follow known rules and procedures. Limited Government Vocab Picture Personal Clue… My child has studied and thoroughly understands these word for a quiz on 10/ 09 Parent Signature: _________________________________________