2. Finish the following statement: A good government is…

3. A.Government – The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies B. Public Policies – The goals a government pursues and the human affairs which are involved. This is a process. Example: Decision to Raise Taxes

4. 1. -Taxes 2. -Defense 3. -Education 4. -Crime 5. -Healthcare 6. -Environment 7. -Civil Rights 8. -The List is Endless

5. 1. Legislative – Make Laws 2. Executive – Enforce Laws 3. Judicial – Interpret Laws

6. A. The Constitution divides power between a national and state governments to provide a system of checks and balances B. Federal and State governments share power.

7. A. Government 1. Institution 2. Provides power and resources B. Politics 1. Process 2. Decides how power and resources are distributed

8. A. Many concepts of government, such as politics, democracy, and republic, originated in ancient Greece and Rome. (Aristotle) B. state (country) - political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority *The dominant political unit in the world today. C. nation - any sizable group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes religion

9. D. Characteristics of a State: 1. Population – Each state has a defined group of people. 2. Territory – Each state has known boundaries. 3. Sovereignty – Each state has absolute power within its territory. 4. Government – Each state has a government through which it accomplishes it’s goals.

10. 1. Force – Groups that claim land may force rule there 2. Evolutionary - The state developed out of family networks 3. Divine Right – God created the state 4. Social Contract – Free people volunteered to create the state

11. 1. Thomas Hobbes –people surrender power to the state for protection. 2. John Locke -people break the social contract when government fails to preserve life, liberty, and property. 3. When the American colonies revolted, they declared their independence supported by the ideas of Hobbes and Locke. 4. Most philosophers would agree that the state was created to serve the will of the people. (Hobbes, Locke, Harrington, and Rousseau)

13. 1. Worth of the Individual 2. Equality of All Persons 3. Majority Rule, Minority Rights 4. Necessity of Compromise 5. Individual Freedom

14. B. Dictatorship - A leader has absolute power and authority A. Democracy - Supreme authority rests with the people (US-Indirect)

15. C. Unitary- Government powers belong to a central authority D. Federal -Powers are divided between a central government and local governments

16. E. Confederation- Groups joining for a common purpose F. Presidential - Executive and Legislative branches are separate, individual and coequal

17. G. Parliamentary- The executive consists of a premier leader and that leader’s cabinet

18.  What is the purpose of government?  What impact does government have on the people?  Why do you think we have a “3 Branch” government?  Why is “politics” usually associated with a negative tone?