Nikki Grantham

Basic Terms and Conversions within the Metric System

 Most countries of the world use the Systéme international d’unités or SI system.  The SI system is referred to as the metric system in the United States.  Two systems of weights and measures exist side by side in the United States today, U.S customary system and the metric system.

 The metric system is the worldwide accepted standard measurement system.  There is only one unit of measurement for each physical quantity.  The SI system is based on the number 10, allowing less need for fractions.

a little more than a quart volumeLliter about 2.2 pounds masskgkilogram a little more than a yard lengthmmeter Comparison to Customary Common Use AbbrevMetric Term

1/1000 of base unitmmilli 1/100 of base unitccenti 1/10 of base unitddeci base unit 10  base unit dadeka 100  base unit hhecto 1000  base unit kkilo MeaningSymbolPrefix

 To change from a smaller unit to a larger unit move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the left for each larger unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure.  To change from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the right for each smaller unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure.

Measure of length kilometerhectometerdekameter Symbolkmhmdam Number of meters 1000 m100 m10 m Measure of length meterdecimetercentimetermillimeter Symbolmdmcmmm Number of meters 1 m0.1 m0.01 m0.001 m

 Convert 54.6 m to km.  Convert 15 L to mL.  Convert 0.89 kg to cg. Solutions:  Meters is a smaller unit than km. Move the decimal 3 places to the left, km.  Liter is a larger unit than milliliter. Move the decimal point 3 places to the right, 15,000 mL.  Kilogram is a larger unit than centigram. Move the decimal point 5 places to the right 0.89 kg = 89,000 cg

A case of fruit juice contains twenty-four 0.75 liter bottles. How many 250 milliliter glasses can you fill using one case of juice? Solution: The case of juice contains 24(0.75) = 18 L. Converting 18 L = 18,000 mL. If each glass hold 250 mL, then glasses can be filled.

a.351,000 dm b.35,100 dm c.351 dm d.35.1 dm

a.351,000 dm b.35,100 dm c.351 dm d.35.1 dm

a.0.1 times greater b.10 times greater c.100 times greater d.1000 times greater

a.0.1 times greater b.10 times greater c.100 times greater d.1000 times greater

Length, Area, and Volume

The meter is used to measure things that we normally measure in yards and feet. Centimeters and millimeters are used to measure what we normally measure in inches.  A centimeter is a little less than a half of an inch.  A millimeter is about the thickness of a dime. Example : The length of a pair of scissors would be measured in centimeters.

Areas are always expressed in square units. Example: The length of a rectangular park is 82.5 m, and its width is 25.4 m. Find the area of the park. Solution: Area = length  width. A=82.5m x 25.4 m A=2095.5m 2

When a figure has three dimensions: length, width and height, the volume can be found. The volume of an item can be considered the space occupied by the item. Volume can be expressed in terms of liters or cubic meters. 1 m 3 = 1 kL 1 dm 3 = 1 L 1 cm 3 = 1 mL Volume in LitersVolume in Cubic Units

When the volume of a liquid is measured, the abbreviation cc is often used instead of cm 3 to represent cubic centimeters. Example: An asthma patient must mix 0.25 cc of a bronchodilator with 2 cc of saline to use in an aerosol machine. How many milliliters of the bronchodilator will be administered? What is the total volume of drug and saline solution in milliliters?

Example: An asthma patient must mix 0.25 cc of a bronchodilator with 2 cc of saline to use in an aerosol machine. How many milliliters of the bronchodilator will be administered? What is the total volume of drug and saline solution in milliliters? Solution: Since 1 cc is equal in volume to 1 milliliter, there will be 0.25 milliliters of the bronchodilator. The total volume is or 2.25 cc, which is equal to 2.25 mL.

A cylindrical shampoo bottle has a diameter of 6 cm and a height of 12 cm. What is the volume in milliliters? Solution:

Mass and Temperature

 Although weight and mass are not the same, on Earth they are proportional to each other.  Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.  Weight is the measure of gravitational pull on an object.

The kilogram is the basic unit of mass in the metric system.  Example: A man has the mass of about 75 kg. The gram is relatively small and used in place of the ounce.  Example: A nickel has the mass of about 5 g. The milligram is used in the medical and scientific fields. The metric tonne ( t ) is used to express mass of heavy items. One metric tonne = 1000 kg.

Determine which metric unit you would use to express the mass of the following. a) A spider c) A bicycle b) A nickel d) A box of cereal

Determine which metric unit you would use to express the mass of the following. a) A spider c) A bicycle b) A nickel d) A box of cereal Solution: a) Milligrams c) Kilograms b) Grams d) Grams

Volume in Cubic Units 1 m 3 = 1 kL = 1 t (1000 kg) 1 dm 3 = 1 L = 1 kg 1 cm 3 = 1 mL = 1 g Mass of Water Volume in Liters

A fish tank is 1 m long, 60 cm high and 260 mm wide. Question: Determine the number of liters that the tank holds. Solution: V = l x w x h (Volume = length x width x height) V = 1m x 0.26m x 0.6m V = m 3 Since 1 m 3 of water = 1 kL of water, m 3 = kL, or 156 liters of water

A fish tank is 1 m long, 60 cm high and 260 mm wide. Question: What is the mass of the water in kilograms? Solution: Since 1L = 1 kg, 156 L = 156 kg of water.

 The term degrees Celsius (ºC) is used to measure temperature. Water boils212ºF100ºC Body temperature98.6ºF37ºC Comfortable room temperature 71.6ºF22ºC Water freezes32ºF0ºC Description ºFºC Temperature

The temperature of a can of frozen juice is about 2 __. The temperature of a person with a fever is about __. The temperature of a bowl of hot soup is about 175 __. Solution: a) ºC b) ºF c) ºF

 To covert from Celsius to Fahrenheit use the following formula.  To covert from Fahrenheit to Celsius use the following formula.

The air temperature on a warm summer day is about 85ºF. What is the equivalent temperature on the Celsius thermometer?  Solution: The equivalent temperature is about 29.4ºC.

The temperature of a cold glass of milk is about 5ºC. What is the equivalent temperature on the Fahrenheit thermometer?  Solution: The equivalent temperature is about 41ºF.

a.80º C b.20º C c.140º C d.Can’t determine.

a.80º C b.20º C c.140º C d.Can’t determine.

Dimensional Analysis and Conversions to and from the Metric System

 Dimensional analysis is a procedure used to convert from one unit of measurement to a different unit of measurement.  A unit fraction is any fraction in which the numerator and denominator contain different units and the value of the fraction is 1.  Examples of unit fractions:

1 pint = 2 cups 1 year = 365 days 1 cup (liquid) = 8 fluid ounces 1 day = 24 hours1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 hour = 60 minutes1 pound = 16 ounces 1 minute = 60 seconds1 mile = 5280 feet 1 gallon = 4 quarts1 yard = 3 feet 1 quart = 2 pints1 foot = 12 inches U.S. Customary Units

 A recipe calls for 8 cups of blueberries. How many pints is this? Solution:  Convert 75 miles per hour to inches per minute. Solution:

LENGTH U.S. to Metric 1 inch (in.) ≈ 2.54 centimeters (cm) 1 foot (ft) ≈ 30 centimeters (cm) 1 yard (yd) ≈ 0.9 meter (m) 1 mile (mi) ≈ 1.6 kilometers (km)

AREA U.S. to Metric 1 square inch (in. 2 ) ≈ 6.5 square centimeters (cm 2 ) 1 square foot (ft 2 ) ≈ 0.09 square meter (m 2 ) 1 square yard (yd 2 ) ≈ 0.8 square meter (m 2 ) 1 square mile (mi 2 ) ≈ 2.6 square kilometers (km 2 ) 1 acre ≈ 0.4 hectare (ha)

VOLUME U.S. to Metric 1 teaspoon (tsp) ≈ 5 milliliters (m l ) 1 tablespoon (tbsp) ≈ 15 milliliters (m l ) 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) ≈ 30 milliliters (m l ) 1 cup (c) ≈ 0.24 liter ( l ) 1 pint (pt) ≈ 0.47 liter ( l )

VOLUME U.S. to Metric 1 quart (qt) ≈ 0.95 liter ( l ) 1 gallon (gal) ≈ 3.8 liters ( l ) 1 cubic foot (ft 3 ) ≈ 0.03 cubic meter (m 3 ) 1 cubic yard (yd 3 ) ≈ 0.76 cubic meter (m 3 )

WEIGHT OR MASS U.S. to Metric 1 ounce (oz) ≈ 28 grams (g) 1 pound (lb) ≈ 0.45 kilogram (kg) 1 ton (T) ≈ 0.9 tonne (t)

A gas tank holds 22.6 gallons of gas. How many liters is this? Solution: The area of a box is in 2. What is its area in square centimeters? Solution:

A road in Toronto, Canada shows that the speed limit is 62 kph. Determine the speed in miles per hour. Solution:  Since 62 km equals mi, 62 kph is equivalent to mph.

A newborn baby weighs 8 pounds 4 ounces. If 20 mg of a medication is given for each kilogram of the baby’s weight, what dosage should be given? Solution: The dosage of the medication is mg.

a.3000 cm 2 b.50 m 2 c.300 m 2 d.Can’t determine.

a.3000 cm 2 b.50 m 2 c.300 m 2 d.Can’t determine.

a.1000 times greater b.10,000 times greater c.100,000 times greater d.1,000,000 times greater

a.1000 times greater b.10,000 times greater c.100,000 times greater d.1,000,000 times greater

a.1000 times greater b.10,000 times greater c.100,000 times greater d.1,000,000 times greater

a.1000 times greater b.10,000 times greater c.100,000 times greater d.1,000,000 times greater

a.15.2 l b l c.4 l d.16 l

a.15.2 l b l c.4 l d.16 l

a.7.5 km b.19.2 km c.24 km d.60 km

a.7.5 km b.19.2 km c.24 km d.60 km

a.84.44º C b.48.89º C c.248º C d.273.6º C

a.84.44º C b.48.89º C c.248º C d.273.6º C

a.35º F b.70.56º F c.228.6º F d.203º F

a.35º F b.70.56º F c.228.6º F d.203º F