LESSONS 2 AND 3- CH 10 METALS, NONMETALS AND METALLOIDS conductors of thermal energy and electricity malleable and/or ductile have 1 or 2 valence electrons, except Al, Sn, Pb and Bi. All solids except 1--- liquid-mercury at room temperature shiny- have luster METALS :

Metal groups Group 1- Alkali Metals : ( alkali is 1 word and in group 1 ) similar Chemical and Physical properties. Highest reactivity--React quickly with Oxygen and water vapor silvery, soft in pure state used in fireworks; stored in oil. LOW DENSITY Group 2- Alkaline Earth Metals: ( 2 words in group 1) similar C. Prop.; 2 VE react quickly with other elements. Pure A. Earth Metals do NOT occur naturally, but combine with other elements to form compounds. soft and silvery. low density, but higher than Alkali Metals.

Transition metals In Groups or 2 VE used to make strong magnets higher melting & boiling pts and densities main block and 2 rows on bottom of PT good building materials-strong metals malleable and ductile; Uses: jewelry, electrical wires, industrial use

Lanthanides and Actinides Transition metals Lanthanide metals make strong magnets, like Neodymnium Some Actinide metals are used for fuel in nuclear reactors.

Metalloids semi conductors- some conduct at high temp. but not at low temp. Semi conductors-used in: computers, tvs, solar cells. have properties of M and NM can be brittle, dull or shiny

Nonmetals: -dull, often brittle -not conductors of electricity -solids, Liquids or gases ( 11 gases) Group 13: 3 VE: Boron Group Group 14: 4 VE; Carbon Group Group 15: 5 VE; Nitrogen Group Group 16; 6 VE; Oxygen Group Group 17: 7 VE; The Halogens: mostly found as compounds, and make salts Plus Hydrogen in Group 1. Group 18: 8 VE except He (has 2) Noble Gases -non reactive; have full outer shells--OCTET(8) -used in lab settings to react and used in lighting fixtures that have color.