Animal System Basics

10 Body Systems : 1. _____________________ OUTSIDE BODY COVERING (fur, skin, scales, feathers) INTEGUMENTARY Covers and protects, ID, prevents heat & water loss Orangutan image from: Fish image from: Frog image from: Cardinal image from:

10 Body Systems : 2. _________________ Breaks down food to obtain nutrients & gets rid of undigested waste DIGESTIVE Image from:

NO OPENINGS: Food enters through skin

Only one opening: FOOD IN and WASTE OUT through same opening Images from:

Two openings: FOOD IN at one end (mouth) WASTE OUT at other end (ANUS) Image from:

Two openings: Most efficient If food flows only one direction it allows for organ specialization (Different parts can start to do different jobs) Image from:

10 Body Systems : 3. __________________ Transports nutrients/oxygen to body cells Carries carbon dioxide/nitrogen waste away from cells Circulatory fluid can be: inside blood vessels = _________ loose inside body spaces = _______ CIRCULATORY CLOSED OPEN Image from:

10 Body Systems : 4. ___________________ RESPIRATORY Image from: Exchange gases with the environment take in oxygen get rid of waste gases (CO 2 &/or ammonia)

NITROGEN WASTE : _________________ Most TOXIC Must be removed QUICKLY Needs MOST water to dilute _________________ Made from ammonia by liver Less toxic than ammonia Can be stored if diluted with water (Needs less water to dilute than ammonia) _________________ LEAST TOXIC Can be stored if diluted with water (Needs LEAST amount of water to dilute) AMMONIA UREA URIC ACID

ALL WASTE is NOT THE SAME! DIGESTIVE WASTE NITROGEN WASTE WHERE ITS MADE? Body system used? In what form? made by cells from break down of proteins Handled by excretory system ammonia, urea, or uric acid Feces (poop) left over from undigested food Handled by digestive system

10 Body Systems : 6. ___________________ Framework to support body/protection Skeleton on inside = _______________ Skeleton on outside = _______________ SKELETAL ENDOSKELETON EXOSKELETON Walking skeleton image from: Insect lefg image from:

10 Body Systems : 7. _______________ Locomotion- move body itself OR move substances through body (EX: food through digestive system; blood through vessels) MUSCULAR Image from:

10 Body Systems : 8. _____________________ - Produce offspring by combining genetic material from 2 parents = __________________________ REPRODUCTIVE SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Family image from: Planaria animation: Produce offspring using genetic material from only 1 parent =_____________________________

10 Body Systems : ______________ DEVELOPMENT immature LARVA looks different than adult __________ DEVELOPMENT young are smaller versions on adults INDIRECT DIRECT Metamorphosis image from: Frog image from: Image from:

Sperm and egg join outside female’s body = ___________________ Sperm and egg join inside female’s body = ____________________ External fertilization Internal fertilization Animation from:

9. ___________________ Receive sensory info about environment & send response signals NERVOUS

10. __________________ Make hormones that regulate other body systems (only in higher animals) ENDOCRINE Image from: