AFAMS Systemic Hormonal Preparations EO Part 22

AFAMS Overview of Lesson (Insert Dari) Pituitary and Hypothalmic Hormones and Analogues Corticosteroids for Systemic Use Thyroid Therapy - Thyroid Preparations - Antithyroid Preparations Pancreatic Hormones Insert Dari

AFAMS What I need to know as a pharmacy technician (Insert Dari) In this lecture we will cover the drugs listed in the ANA Formulary which are classified according to the ATC system under (H) Systemic Hormonal Preparations For each of these medications/classes students must obtain an understanding of: (1) Mechanism of Action (2) Indications (Uses) (3) Efficacy (4) Side Effects Insert Dari

AFAMS Pituitary and Hypothalmic Hormones and Analogues (Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Oxytocin (Insert Dari) Mechanism of Action Stimulates contractions of the uterus. Indications It is used to start labor. It is used to stop or treat bleeding that happens after a birth Side Effects Upset stomach Headache Insert Dari

AFAMS Corticosteroids for Systemic Use (Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Corticosteroids (Insert Dari) Mechanism of Action Decreases inflammation (swelling), suppresses the body's normal immune response. Indication Generally used to treat inflammation (swelling in the body). - Severe rashes - Severe breathing problems (asthma, COPD). - Severe injuries (brain trauma) - Joint problems (i.e. arthritis) - Also used to treat nausea and vomiting (dexamethasone). Insert Dari

AFAMS Corticosteroids (Insert Dari) Side Effects High blood sugar (diabetic patients) May have more chance of getting an infection. Wash hands often. Feeling nauseated/upset stomach. Mood changes. Weight gain. Change in body fat. Weak bones with long-term use. Muscle weakness. Skin changes (pimples, stretch marks, slow healing, hair growth). Cataracts or glaucoma with long-term use. For women, vaginal yeast infection. Insert Dari

AFAMS Corticosteroids (Insert Dari) Important Points Can be administered orally or intravenously. Take in the morning if taking once a day to help prevent sleep disturbances. Take with food to stop an upset stomach. Corticosteroids can be injected into joints for joint pain due to arthritis. Many of the side effects mentioned on the previous slide have to do with long term use. If the patient is only using it for short term (i.e. less than 10 days) they will most likely only experience nausea and sleep disturbances for side effects. Insert Dari

AFAMS Thyroid Therapy (Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Thyroid Gland Disorders تشوشات غدۀ تيروئيد Hypothyroidism in adult produces sensitivity to cold, low body temp weight gain & mental dullness Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease) weight loss, nervousness, tremor & exophthalmos (edema behind eyes) Goiter = enlarged thyroid (dietary) کم شدن فعاليت غدۀ تيروئيد (درقيه) در بالغان سبب حساسيت به مقابل سردى، کم شدن درجۀ حرارت، زياد شدن وزن و کندى دماغى ميشود زيادشدن فعاليت غدۀ تيروئيد باختن وزن، عصبى بودن، لرزه و برامدن چشم ها (پنديدگى عقب چشم ها) جاغور = کلان شدن غدۀ تيروئيد (مربوط به غذا)

AFAMS Insert Dari

AFAMS Thyroid Preparations: Levothyroxine (Insert Dari) Mechanism of Action Mimics the body’s natural thyroid hormone. Indications Hypothyroidism Side Effects Feeling more or less hungry. A change in weight without trying. Nervous and excitable (not able to sleep). Shakiness and sweating a lot. **these are signs that the patients dose may be too high. ** Insert Dari

AFAMS Thyroid Preparations: Levothyroxine (Insert Dari) Important Points It can take 4-6 weeks until patients feel the full benefit of taking this medication. Patients should take this medication every day on an empty stomach (at least 30 min before food). Insert Dari

AFAMS Anti-thyroid Preparations (Insert Dari) Propothiouracil Carbimazol Mechanism of Action Blocks the production of thyroid hormones. Indications (Use) Hyperthyroidism Insert Dari

AFAMS Anti-thyroid Preparations (Insert Dari) Side Effects Rash Joint pain Fever Abnormal taste sensation Nausea, or vomiting. Liver problems

AFAMS Pancreatic Hormones (Insert Dari)

AFAMS

Glucagon (Insert Dari) Mechanism of Action Raises blood glucose levels by increasing the production of glucose and release of glucose stores in the body. Indications (Use) Severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Side Effects Upset stomach Dizziness Insert Dari

AFAMS Questions? (Insert Dari)

AFAMS In-class Assignment (Insert Dari) This assignment will consist of 3 questions which are to be completed individually. Once complete the instructor will review the answers with the class. Insert Dari

AFAMS 1. Which of the following is NOT a corticosteroid? (Insert Dari) A)Dexamethasone B)Levothyroxine C)Hydrocotrisone D)Methyl Prednisolone Insert Dari

AFAMS 1. Which of the following is NOT a corticosteroid? (Insert Dari) A)Dexamethasone B)Levothyroxine C)Hydrocotrisone D)Methyl Prednisolone Insert Dari

AFAMS 2. Identify whether the following drugs are used to treat hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism (Insert Dari) A)Levothyroxine B)Propothiouracil C)Carbimazol Insert Dari

AFAMS 2. Identify whether the following drugs are used to treat hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism (Insert Dari) A)Levothyroxine – hypothyroidism B)Propothiouracil – hyperthyroidism C)Carbimazol – hyperthyroidism Insert Dari

AFAMS 3. Which of the following conditions does glucagon treat? (Insert Dari) A)Hyperthyroidism B)Hyperglycemia C)Hypoglycemia D)Hypothyroidism Insert Dari

AFAMS 3. Answer: Which of the following conditions does glucagon treat? (Insert Dari) A)Hyperthyroidism B)Hyperglycemia C)Hypoglycemia D)Hypothyroidism Insert Dari