The microbial world S. Cerevisiae (yeast) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Taxonomy – branch of biology concerned with grouping and naming organisms Classifying Life Historical Classification Systems -Used only morphological characteristics -Anatomy -Physiology -Fossil record Current Classification System -Uses genetic sequences (DNA, RNA, protein) -along with morphological data

3 Domain System -Bacteria and Archaea domains contain prokaryotes -Domain Eukarya split into supergroups Eukarya further grouped into kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species Classifying Life Current Classification System Group organisms based on evolutionary relatedness BacteriaArcheaEukarya Opisthokonta Plantae Excavata Alveolata Stramenpila Rhizariao Amoebozoa

Metagenomics - study of all the DNA in a particular environment Minnesota Mississippi Metagenomics Project Project examining the microbial diversity along the Mississippi River Exploring microbial diversity Microbial World DNA is isolated and sequenced Can be used to identify and group the organisms, as well as indicate functionality

Domain Bacteria - The Cyanobacteria example: Gleocapsa Autotrophic (“self feeding”) – makes organic molecules from inorganic ones. Phototrophic – obtain energy from light Prokaryotic –no membrane-enclosed organelles (no nucleus)

Domain Eukarya; Kingdom Eulgenozoa example: Euglena Mixotroph - obtains food from inorganic sources and organic sources (other living organisms) Stigma (eye-spot) Flagellum

Domain Eukarya; Kingdom Viridiplantae Phylums Chlorophyta & Streptophyta Photoautotrophic – photosynthesizes Closely related to plants Example: Spirogyra Example: Volvox Example: Chlamydomonas

Domain Eukarya; Kingdom Alveolata examples: Paramecium and Blepharisma Heterotrophic (“other feeding”) – ingests other organisms Chemotrophic – obtain energy from oxidation of organic molecules

Phylum Rhizopoda example: Amoeba Chemoheterotrophic – engulfs prey phagocytosis pinocytosis Pseudopodia (“false feet”) -Cytoplasmic extensions