The Deep South

Objective #1 Compare the development of the New England, Chesapeake and Southern colonies as illustrated by the social, political and economic institutions that shaped them.

Objective #2 Describe the economy and labor system in the Deep South.

Objective #3 Describe the slave trade and the character of early African American slavery.

Plantation South Plantation South is highly dependent on agriculture. Rice, sugar, and later, cotton. Large farms mean high demand for cheap labor. Rice: 80 million lbs. a year by 1775

Misconception! Most families in the South did not own a slave in 1750 Only 10% of families owned as many as 20 But, especially after cotton, plantations dominate the economy. Slave ownership was a symbol of status.

Southern Culture Anglican church dominated Southern hierarchy –Plantation owners –Small farmers –Landless whites –slaves

Family Life in Deep South Planter’s wife managed “Great House” Women had more property rights due to man’s lower life spans Kids educated to run plantation On small farms, families worked side by side

Carolina 1663-King Charles II gives charter to men who supported him in exile Religious freedom John Locke Hereditary hierarchy

Population Growth Planters from Virginia and Barbados flood Carolina. “The Thinning” Charleston becomes an important port.

Farming in Carolina People from Barbados brought African slaves. Barbados slave code adopted in : 80% of the southern part of Carolina was white. 1720: only 33% was white

Northern part of Carolina Economy more mixed (livestock, food production, etc.) 1720: 85% of population white –Many poor whites from Virginia More poverty and religious dissenters Not as reliant on slavery Carolina split in –Will become two official royal colonies in 1729

Backcountry Land inland from Pennsylvania to Georgia 250,000 inhabitants in 1730 Large diversity Rough existence Corn, beans, wheat Lacked schools, churches, towns

Colonial urban life (all colonies) South had few cities due to scattered population and plantations In all colonies: No town larger than 30,000 in 1775 Artisans made up 2/3 of population Urban wealth in trade, shipbuilding, war contracting Larger numbers of poor