2. III. The Carolinas A. English Civil War 1642 – Religious and Political struggle Puritans (Calvinists) & Oliver Cromwell vs. King Charles I (Anglican Royalists) Parliament vs. Crown Parliament proved victorious – Disruption of Colonization Reign of Charles II called the Restoration Restoration colonies included NY, PA and the Carolinas

3. III. The Carolinas Differences of “Restoration Colonies” – Proprietors instead of joint-stock companies (like in Virginia and New England) – Royal colonies under official governors appointed by crown

4. III. Carolinas B. Impact of the British West Indies (Barbados, Antigua, and Jamaica) – 1) Close ties between Caribbean and Carolinas – 2) West Indies increasingly relied on mainland British America for food and many supplies (Cheaper than importation all the way from England) – 3) As sugar plantations began to crowd out small farmers, many came to Carolina with their slaves to farm – 4) Carolina adopted slave code in 1696 (Carolina had the deepest devotion to slavery out of all the colonies up to and through the Civil War)

5. III. Carolinas C. First Settlers of Carolina – 1) 2 Decades of failure – 2) By 1690’s Rice was chief export and staple crop – 3) Led to increase of Black Slavery for experience – 4) Other products a. Lumber, tar and resin from Pine=Shipbuilding b. Indigo

6. III. Carolinas D. Charles Town (Charleston) – 1) Founded 1680,became most active seaport for the South – 2) Diverse population a. French Protestant refugees (Huguenots) (Many who were nobility and aristocrats persecuted by the crown in France b.Younger sons of English Aristocrats (Primogeniture laws) c. Religious tolerance existed and added to the diversity

7. III. Carolinas E. North Carolina – 1) Refuge for poor whites, religious dissenters and outcasts from Carolina and Virginia – 2) Albemarle District – 3) Distinctive traits=resistance to authority, democratic, independent, least aristocratic, hospitable to pirates, impious behavior – 4) Separated North and South Carolina in 1712

8. IV. Georgia A) Origins of the 13 th Colony – Founded in 1733 by London Philanthropists – 126 Years after Virginia, 52 years after Pennsylvania

9. IV. Georgia B) Primary Reasons for founding Georgia – 1) Military Buffer against Spaniards (Fl.) – 2) Social Experiment for debtors James Oglethorpe, debtors prison reform

10. IV. Georgia C) Success as buffer to repel Spanish Attacks D) Failure as philanthropic excursion – Goal was to attract industrious and pious farmers – Opposite eventually occurred (rum, slavery, economy like S. Carolina) – Became royal colony

11. V. Shared Southern Features 1) Linked to Caribbean 2) Plantation lifestyle 3) Staple Economy (Rice, Indigo, later Cotton) 4) Slavery 5) Rural Economy

12. V. Shared Southern Features 6) Disparities of Wealth and intolerance – A) Divided by class and race 7) Independence and autonomy 8) lack of ability to come together during crisis 9) Great wealth/ but dependent on foreign markets especially manufactured goods 10) Growing need for expansion and more land -which brought conflict with Native Americans, Spain and France, and ultimately each other!