Define the following vocabulary words in the back of your Social Studies notebook: Democracy Knights Joint-stock companies Black-Death End

1 U.S. Map 2 U.S. Map Labelled 3Western Hemisphere4 Eastern Hemisphere 5Comparing Early Civilizations6 Journal Entry 1 7Cultures of North America8 Journal Entry 2 9The Influence of Trade10 The Map of Riches! 11Europeans on the Rise12 DBQ Analysis: World’s Collide

Europeans on the Rise Key TermsCharacteristics Judaism Christianity The Athenians The Romans The Middle Ages The Crusades The Renaissance Martin Luther Henry the Navigator EQ : What major influences shaped European civilization? 11

Judaism Judaism and Christianity shaped European religious and moral beliefs. Judaism arose among the Israelites around 1700 BCE and was the first major religion to teach monotheism. Unlike other early religions, Judaism taught that all people, even powerful rulers, had to obey God’s laws.

Christianity Christianity arose about 2000 years ago when people saw Jesus as the Messiah, the Savior chosen by God. Others saw him as a political threat and had him crucified. According to Christian doctrine, all people have a chance for salvation.

The Athenians Ancient Greek and Roman traditions shaped European political systems, and later influenced the founders of the U.S. In the 400’s BCE, the Greek city-state of Athens was a direct democracy, a form of government in which an assembly of ordinary citizens made decisions. – Any adult male citizen could participate

The Romans In 509 BCE, the Romans set up a republic, a form of government in which people choose representatives to govern them. An elected senate and assembly would make laws. – Everyone was equal under the law, and if you were accused of a crime, you were innocent until proven guilty.

The Middle Ages & Crusades Rome fell to invaders in 476 CE and fragmented Europe into small kingdoms. For 1,000 years, Europe was living in the Middle Ages. By the 800’s, kings and nobles relied on feudalism. Daily life revolved around the Catholic Church, and in 1095, Pope Urban II declared a Crusade to win the Holy Land from the Muslims.

The Renaissance In the 1300’s, the Renaissance revived interest in ancient Greece and Rome. Art, science, and inventions flourished. Powerful countries arose which resulted in Spain, Portugal, France and England shifting their trade routes to the Atlantic Ocean.

Martin Luther In 1517, the German monk Martin Luther demanded that the Catholic Church reform itself. Those who joined him in protesting certain practices of the Church were called Protestants. This caused the creation of new churches and religious sects within Christianity that also pushed Europe into religious wars.

Henry the Navigator Prince Henry the Navigator hoped to expand Portuguese power and spread Christianity to new lands. In the 1400’s, he set up a navigation center at Sagres, where sailors learned to use maps, the magnetic compass, and the astrolabe. With these skills, Portuguese sailors opened the way for exploration!!!

DBQ Analysis : World’s Collide! 12

Answer the following questions in the back of your Social Studies notebook based on the document on the next page: Why did the Spanish cut the hands off of the Natives? What is the relationship between the Spaniards and the Natives at the time of this image? End

Spaniards are cutting off the hands of Natives for not meeting their gold quota.