Ancient Greece Famous Greeks

Essential Standards 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events, issues, individuals and cultural groups. 6.C&G.1 Understand the development of government in various civilizations, societies and regions.

Clarifying Objectives 6.H.2.4 Explain the role that key historical figures and cultural groups had in transforming society (e.g., Mansa Musa, Confucius, Charlemagne and Qin Shi Huangdi). 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (e.g., democracy, absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy).

Essential Questions How did the Greek Historical figures make contributions that affected everyone? What is an OLIGARCHY?

Important Greeks Ancient Greece is known as the place where the Western World got their Ideologies The Western World has many Ancient Greeks to thank for that In this lesson we will cover 12 of the most influential Historical Figures (Greeks)

Important Greeks These 12 Greeks were important to both Ancient Greece & the rest of the world for different reasons Philosophy Play Write Historian Mathematician Government Figure Leadership

Important Greeks The 12 important Greeks we will cover include…. Socrates Plato Aristotle Homer Herodotus Archimedes Euclid Hippocrates Pythagoras Cleisthenes Pericles Alexander the Great

Ancient Greek Philosophers Ancient Greek philosophers were masters of the problems of Ancient Greece Philosophers studied reason, values, knowledge, existence, etc The 3 most famous philosophers of Ancient Greece were… Socrates Plato Aristotle

Socrates Socrates was the first great Greek philosophers Socrates was famous for promoting CRITICAL THINKING He would stand out in the Agora and ask a series of very tough questions (interview) about why they believed they existed He was eventually put to death (Death of Socrates) famous painting http://www.biography.com/people/socrates-9488126

Plato Plato was the second great philosopher of Ancient Greece He was one of the students of Socrates He taught about JUSTICE to the individual vs. JUSTICE to the country of Greece http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Xoi873zOWw

Aristotle Aristotle was the 3rd great Greek Philosopher He was a student of Plato He laid the groundwork for the spread of Christianity by teaching of living a MORAL life He was the personal teacher to Alexander the Great http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeJJpbDrVRM

Ancient Greek Play Writes A play write is someone who was the author of plays and poetry The most famous Ancient Greek Play write was Homer

Homer Homer was the most famous writer of poetry in history His two most famous works were the Iliad (story about the Troy) Odyssey (story of Odysseus journey home to Ithaca Ancient city of Troy described in the Iliad has now been unearthed & discovered http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnxVv1JDUuA

Ancient Greek Historians There is one Greek Historian that stands out from the rest The Greek Historian’s job was to write down key events as they happened in Ancient Greece Herodotus was the most famous Greek Historian by far

Herodotus Herodotus is known as the “Father of History” He was the first person that we know of to write historical events down Because of Herodotus we know of the different wars throughout Greek history & why they occurred

Ancient Greek Mathematician There were many great Greek Mathematicians 4 of these Math Geeks standout among the rest…. Archimedes Euclid Hippocrates Pythagoras

Archimedes Archimedes was very influential in Math & Science He developed the first form of Calculus He discovered the mathematical reasoning behind buoyancy (sinkers & floaters) Developed the value of Pi & square roots http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sdxiHyRrCs

Euclid Euclid was the Father of Geometry His most famous work was a book called ELEMENTS It was a book that taught how to write Geometric Proofs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxAqvBZrbMY

Hippocrates “Father of Medicine” He was the first to believe that diseases were caused naturally & not as a punishment from god He was the first to set up a medical school to train doctors as a profession http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbU61uO3Vdw

Pythagoras Pythagoras was a mathematician that proved the Pythagorean Theorem This is the Mathematical Law that states (A squared + B squared = C squared http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FdMXjJunb1o

Ancient Greek Government Figure Ancient Greece is known for shaping the Government of the whole modern Western World In other words they developed DEMOCRACY Democracy is the government system where the people make their own decisions by voting This system was highly influenced by Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes An Aristocrat Oligarchy controlled Athens early in Greek History Cleisthenes thought this was wrong Cleisthenes believed that even the common Greek citizens should have the freedom to make their own decisions DEMOCRACY was born http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Gqee176VIk&list=TLhah5H-d6Ac1h2PleRERH1r7_GX7fD60V 0:00-1:12

Essential Question Get with a partner and answer… What is an OLIGARCHY?

Ancient Greek Leaders There were many, many great leaders of Ancient Greece but two stand out…. Pericles Alexander the Great

Pericles Pericles was the great leader that rebuilt Athens He rebuilt all the temples of Athens Gave power to the Philosophers which led to a period in Ancient Greece of great learning and understanding http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXnEewb4GE4

Alexander the Great Great King & Military Leader He believed he was the Great Greek Warrior Achilles second coming He defeated the great Persian Empire once & for all http://www.biography.com/people/alexander-the-great-9180468

Essential Question Get with a partner and answer… How did the Greek Historical figures make contributions that affected everyone?

EOG Questions Order of Ruling Powers in Ancient Greece 1. Monarchy 2. Oligarchy 3. Tyranny 4. Democracy Which statement explains the list above? A) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being governed by their citizens to being ruled by a king. B) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by nobility to being governed by their citizens. C) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by military leaders to being governed by the upper class. D) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by rich merchants to being governed by men of nobility.

EOG Questions An absolute monarchy is a type of government structure. Which of the statements describes this type of structure? A) The citizens have an equal say in their government. B) The citizens elect representatives to run the government. C) The ruler has complete power over the citizens or inhabitants. D) The ruler has control of the government, but citizens have rights

Important Points 6.H.2.4 (Key Historical Figure) All these people were key historical figures that made Greece so important in history 6.C&G.1.1 (Government Structure) An OLIGARCHY is when a few people have control of EVERYONE