Unit Two – Modern World History RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION

Goals  Define and identify key elements of Humanism.  List the three artistic “giants” associated with the Italian Renaissance.

Humanism: A Change in Education  What was Renaissance Humanism?  Intellectual movement based on the study of ancient Greek & Roman writings Today we call these subjects “humanities” Seen as a challenge to Catholic Church, who traditionally condemned “pagan” writings  Petrarch called “Father of Italian Renaissance Humanism” Started the search for lost monastic translations of classical manuscripts Encouraged use of classical Latin language  New emphasis on self-improvement Merchant families had money to spend on education for themselves and their children How is Humanism an example of the secularism and individualism of the Renaissance? Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man, c. 1487

Education  Renaissance humanists believed that education could dramatically change human beings. (self improvement)  Wrote books  Opened schools  Liberal Studies thought of as key to reaching full potential (today Liberal Arts)  History, philosophy, mathematics, music, ect.  Also believed physical education was important  “Sound mind in a sound body”

Renaissance Art: A Change in Values  Renaissance society embraced artists  Traditionally artists were equal in status to craftsmen, tough to make a living  Wealth of Renaissance created demand for finer things, like exquisite works of art Artists competed for commissions, aspired to fame and greatness, level of skill unpatrolled Term “artist” became synonymous with “genius” Raphael’s Transfiguration, c. 1516

Renaissance Art: A Change in Values  New techniques created masterpieces  Light, shadow, detail & perspective Allowed for flat paintings to look lifelike (3D) Artists strived to capture ideal human beauty  Fresco: painting murals on fresh plaster  Religious & classical subjects very popular

Sculpture and Architecture  Advances in Sculpture and Architecture during Renaissance matched achievements of painters.  High Renaissance  Associated with three artists DaVinci Raphael Michelangelo

Renaissance Masterpieces to Know: Da Vinci’s The Last Supper,

Renaissance Masterpieces to Know: Michelangelo’s David,

Renaissance Masterpieces to Know: Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa, c. 1505

Renaissance Masterpieces to Know: Raphael's School of Athens,

Renaissance Masterpieces to Know: Michelangelo’s Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,