The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield. This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up. Example of the Greenhouse Effect

Earth’s Atmospheric Gases Nitrogen (N 2 ) Oxygen (O 2 ) Water (H 2 O) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) >99% Methane (CH 4 ) <1% Non- Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gases Argon (Ar)

Sun Runaway Greenhouse Effect 97% carbon dioxide 3% nitrogen Water & sulfuric acid clouds Temperature: 860°F Venus

How Global Warming Works Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun and keep our planet warm Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) increases CO2 levels. This traps more heat and causes the planet to get warmer.

How is global warming measured?

Ice Core Data CO 2 Measurements Before Antarctica

CO 2 Atmospheric Measurements CO 2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii

Global Warming Myths Just like with other things that involve responsibility and money...,any myths are created to deflect the blame

Global Warming Has Stopped? Year  Mean Temperature (°C) Solar Irradiance (W/m 2 ) 2010 NO IT HAS NOT!

Global Warming is Caused by Sunspots? Year  Mean Temperature (°C) Sunspots NO IT DOES NOT CORRELATE!

Global Warming is Caused by GCR? Year  Mean Temperature (°C) Gamma Cosmic Rays NO IT DOES NOT CORRELATE EITHER!

Global Warming Primarily Impacts the Northern Hemisphere? Year Temperature Change (°C) Northern vs. Southern Latitude Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere Year Land vs. Ocean Land Ocean Global Warming Primarily Impacts the Land FALSE!

Global Warming is Due to Heat from the Cities? 2009 Temperature Changes Compared to NOT TRUE!

Carbon Dioxide Cause Global Climate Change

Time (YBP) CO 2 (ppm) Vostok Ice CoreDome Concordia Carbon Dioxide Levels 0 Muana Loa Readings CO 2 Levels Since CO 2 (ppm) 0

Volcanoes Put Out More CO 2 Than Fossil Fuel Burning? Carbon (10 9 metric tons) Fossil Fuel Volcanoes NO THEY DO NOT!

Carbon Footprint

National Carbon Emissions Metric Tons per Year 2007 –China 6,538,367,000 –United States5,838,381,000 –India1,612,362, –United States 5,762,050,000 –China 3,473,600,000 –Russia 1,540,360,000

Pounds of Carbon Dioxide ___ tons CO 2 X 2205 lbs/ton = ___lbs CO 2 ___ tons CO 2 X L/ton = ___L CO 2 ___ tons CO 2 X 770 lbs/ton = ___lbs Coal 500 lbs. of coal

National Carbon Emissions China 6,538,367,000 United States5,838,381,000 India1,612,362,000

Portage Glacier Alaska

CO 2 Vs. Sea Level CO 2 Vs. Temperature Time (ybp) Relative Sea Level CO 2 (ppmv) Temperature Rohling et al Antarctic temperature and global sea level closely coupled over the last five glacial cycles. Nature Geoscience 2:500.

Global Warming: Shifting Gears

2007 Goal: Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Billions of Metric Tons Carbon

2007 Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Gigaton Carbon Produce electricity efficiently Use electricity efficiently Vehicle efficiency Solar and Wind Power Biofuels Carbon capture and storage Billions of Metric Tons Carbon Our Goal

What’s being done now to reduce our emissions? Solar PowerWind PowerFuel-Efficiency

We can stop global warming!

What can you do to help solve the problem?

Simple Things To Do Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it. Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy. Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs Incandescent Compact Fluorescent 500 lbs. of coal What’s the difference? 1,430 lbs. CO 2 pollution avoided $30 saved

Simple Things To Do Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air conditioning. Or use a fan. Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat. Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC and furnace clean. Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car. Plant a tree. Recycle.